2024-03-29T11:58:10+00:00https://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/jsonhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/xmlhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/rsshttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/atomhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/kmlhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/geojsonhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/qrcodehttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results112140finds-128128MAS-D100128HINGENINETEENTH CENTURYThis record refers to the metal hinge and attached timber shown in the top left corner of image one, the other finds are dealt with under separate records.
The object is approximately 305 mm in overall length and 204 mm in overall width. For the hinge element of the object only one leaf can be observed from the photo, which measures approximately 64 mm by 127 mm. Given the leaves are likely to be identical in size, this would suggest the overall width is approximately 127 mm making a regular square when fully opened. The metal of the hinge is in generally good condition, with some blue/green discolouration suggestive of a copper alloy such as brass. The hinge is of a common type known as a butt hinge, with five interlocking knuckles secured through the centre by a pin or pen. The visible leaf bears five holes for affixing the hinge, and it is likely the obscured side bears a similar number. The number of fixing holes suggests a heavy duty use for the hinge, such as a door, rather than use in lighter items such as furniture.
The wooden elements of the hinge are highly degraded and encrusted with barnacles, its function is therefore undiscernible. There does appear to be an element of beading or a baton in wood, immediately attached to the hinge leaf. Protruding from beneath the beading and running away from the hinge is a section of wood with apparently parallel edges, approximately 89 mm wide, that although heavily damaged may represent a narrow plank. This suggests that the moving element of the object, such as a door or hatch, was attached to the obscured leaf, with the other attached to the stationary element such as a door frame.
Butt hinges were manufactured from around 1850 and are one of the most common forms of hinge in use today.These items were found with two bowls (MAS-D100127), two bottles (MAS-D100129), one mug (MAS-D100130), and one copper lid (MAS-D100150).Fixing39411312/173MAS2017-09-30T00:00:00ZWith finder2017-10-09T15:46:29Z2020-04-22T18:03:01Z128204305171428215PAS5C5037EF001C03PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627Wood11988IncompleteNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck128_allmaterial.JPG754images/MASPT2020-04-22T17:03:01.758Zfinds-173173MAS-D100173CLOCKNINETEENTH CENTURYThis record refers to the clock parts recovered as part of a group of finds. The finder described the items as 6 clock parts, the square glass from the clock face and the copper clock face from a grandfather clock, which suggests these finds represent parts of two separate clocks.
Three of the clock parts, manufactured in a copper alloy, are circular and bear teeth around their circumference indicating they are part of the clockwork mechanism. Two other parts, also in copper alloy, are circular but without evidence of teeth. One has three screw holes arranged around a central circular aperture and a ridge running around its circumference. The verdigris corrosion on this item only affects one half of the object, suggesting that it has been partially protected whilst on the seabed. The remaining item is considerably more corroded, though it still appears to be made from a copper alloy. It comprises a hollow circle with a band dividing the central aperture in equal halves, opposite the end of this band are two circular fixing points with screw holes attached to the outside central circular element. The central band has a square hole in its centre, which is unlikely to be much more than 5 mm across. There is an additional element that obscures the upper half of the central circular element which cannot be accurately described from the object.
The sixth clock part described by the finder is a flat copper alloy plate with a minimum of 18 holes drilled into it in addition to two square, one rectangular and one open rectangular aperture/s. At the top of the item is what appears to be a latch or clip. This object appears to be part of the mounting for the mechanism, and several of the drilled holes bear the shadows of where bolts and screws would have been attached. Most notably though is the inscription S Thomas, Thomaston C, US which can be observed. This refers to the manufacturer of the time piece, the Seth Thomas Clock Company, details of which are described in the next section.
A square piece of glass is described by the finder as being the clock face associated with the clock parts described above. Consultation online with examples of clocks manufactured by S Thomas support this use for the glass, as some of their models do have square faces.
The final object relating to clocks is a large oval ring of copper alloy which is described by the finder as the clock face from a grandfather clock. Its size, in comparison to the glass face, would certainly suggest it is from a different larger time piece. To the bottom right of the photograph it is possible to observe a hinge on the outside of the ring, whilst diametrically opposite a possible catch can be seen. These features suggest an opening element, presumably holding an oval glass clock face, may have attached to the recovered item. No other diagnostic features are immediately apparent from the photo provided.All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania.
Seth Thomas Clock Company - One of the clock pieces identified from this find bears the inscription S Thomas, Thomaston C, US. Seth Thomas (1785-1859) was a clock maker from Plymouth Hollow, Connecticut, USA. He began making clocks at his site in 1814 and established the company in 1853, which was passed to his sons and continued as a family business into the 20th century. In 1931 the company became a subsidiary of the General Time Instruments Corporation and eventually passed from family control, General Time announced its closure in 2001. Shortly after the death of the company's founder in 1865, the town of Plymouth Hollow was renamed Thomaston in his honour. This then firmly dates the manufacture of this clock to between 1865 and 1878 when the Pomerania sank. (http://www.nationalclockrepair.com/Seth_Thomas_Clock_History.php accessed January 2020).
These items were found with a spoon/fork handle (MAS-D100174), a decorative lead object (MAS-D100146) and crockery fragments ( MAS-D100138).S THOMAS/THOMASTON C/USMEASUREMENT393923186518781320/173MAS2018-03-26T00:00:00ZAn instrument used to measure the passing of time.883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 26With finder2018-05-02T10:10:08Z2020-04-09T12:32:54Z173172315PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR232951.017114981.17805502devoting.snowstorm.sobbing10MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627IncompletePoorNINETEENTH CENTURYMiddleLateNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving173_IMG_6351.jpg434images/MASPhil Trim2020-04-09T11:32:54.955Zfinds-231231MAS-D100231BOTTLEPOST MEDIEVALBrown ceramic bottle with a glazed surface. It was intended to contain gin of Dutch origin. The bottle measures 310 mm long and has a diameter of 85 mm with a ring type handle on the neck of the bottle. The bottle is printed with the phrase 'WYNAND FOCKINK' 'AMSTERDAM'.
In Amsterdam, Wynand Focknik has been making distinctive hand-crafted liqueurs and jenevers (Dutch gin) since 1679 (Greenberg 2012). In the 17th century, when the Dutch East Indiaman ships brought herbs, spices and sugar to Amsterdam, distillers started distilling liqueurs on a large scale. The city had become very prosperous and liqueur, contrary to beer and genever, was an expensive drink which only the rich could afford to drink on a regular basis. When in 1724 Wynand Fockink acquired the distillery and the bar in the Pijlsteeg dating back to 1679, Amsterdam was still a rich and prosperous city with a thriving liqueur industry. Under Wynand Fockink and his descendants, the liqueur distillery became one of the largest Dutch distilleries. By the end of the 18th century the company owned six large premises on the Oudezijds Voorburgwal and another six in the Pijlsteeg.
In the first decade of the 19th century the company expanded through export as well which could explain why these bottles were found on a vessel bound for Bombay. By the 19th century, Wynand Fockink owned trading houses in Berlin, Vienna, Brussels and Paris and between 1815 and 1860, France was one of the largest liqueur customers. The Wynand Fockink distillery in Amsterdam is still open today (http://wynand-fockink.nl/tasting-tavern/history).This item was found with four ceramic bowls (MAS-D100229), three glass bottles (MAS-D100230) and four stoneware ink bottles (MAS-D100232).
All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Strathclyde, a British trading steamship built in 1871 in Blackwood, Port Glasgow. The ship sank in 1876 off Dover whilst carrying 23 passengers and 47 crew for Bombay, following a collision with Franconia and resulting in the loss of 38 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Strathclyde.´WYNAND FOCKINK´´AMSTERDAM´Container363923291/1813MAS2018-09-17T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage container813607Kent HER: TR 33 NW 232018-10-02T08:20:09Z2020-04-08T08:26:12Z31023185154381613PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR343851.093539951.34042371fatigue.paddles.woodland10MAS MASMASCeramic10539OtherHand madeStampedCompletePOST MEDIEVALx41047MiddleLateNINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Unknown229_largestonebottle_1.jpg596images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-04-08T07:26:12.587Zfinds-230230MAS-D100230BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYThree bottles of blown glass. The frst two bottles are torpedo or Hamilton´s type bottle (Hamilton introduced this type of blow molding) from the mid-nineteenth century dedicated to containing carbonated water or 'soda'. Both are light blue/green 'aqua' glass and measure 250 mm long and have a diameter of 75 mm with a 'bottom-weighted' blob finish. The inscription "Aerated Water" "Bombay" makes reference to the content and place of distribution, something that manufacturers of this type of packaging commonly did. The design ensured that the bottles would be stored on their side, keeping the cork in contact with the liquid and thereby preventing it from drying out and allowing the gas to escape.
The third of the bottles is a small light blue/green 'aqua' glass container, hexagonal in shape and measuring 75 mm in high by 45 mm in diameter. This would probably be a small ink bottle. This style of bottle was very popular around the middle of the 19th century from around 1835 to 1865 (Covill 1971).
These items were found with four ceramic bowls (MAS-D100229), one stoneware bottle (MAS-D100231) and four stoneware ink bottles (MAS-D100232).
All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Strathclyde, a British trading steamship built in 1871 in Blackwood, Port Glasgow. The ship sank in 1876 off Dover whilst carrying 23 passengers and 47 crew for Bombay, following a collision with Franconia and resulting in the loss of 38 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Strathclyde."AERATED WATER" "BOMBAY"Container39391118351876291/183MAS2018-09-17T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage container813607Kent HER: TR 33 NW 232018-10-02T08:20:08Z2020-04-01T09:06:10Z25023075318214115PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR343851.093539951.34042371fatigue.paddles.woodland10MAS MASMASGlass10879BlownIncompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYEarlyEarlyNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving229_glasstopedobottle.jpg594images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-04-01T08:06:10.585Zfinds-203203MAS-O100203HANDAXEPALAEOLITHICImages of this find were sent to Andrew Shaw, flint specialist at Wessex Archaeology who determined that this object is an ovate biface handaxe that is in mint condition. This example is approximately 50-60 mm in width and 80-100 mm in long-axis. He said that the form of the butt and lateral margins are reminiscent of late Middle Palaeolithic handaxes, and it's possible that deposits of that age may be found in the intertidal and offshore zone in. Based on the images alone, he said that it's possibly a late Middle Palaeolithic handaxe dating from between 60,000 to 30,000 years ago. Handaxes are the longest used tools in human history, used for cutting, digging and hunting. This artefact exhibits bilateral symmetry with a pointed tip and rounded base.Tools and equipment22233MAS2018-08-03T00:00:00Zcutting equipmentWith finder2018-08-03T09:16:59Z2020-03-31T12:40:46Z203601001104425PAS5C50379B001E6CPAS5DE8F5A5001062237254City of PortsmouthSU670050.79570064-1.05072543middle.token.fields10MAS MASMASFlint10837Knapped/flakedCompleteGoodPALAEOLITHICx14387MiddleLatePALAEOLITHICx14387x14387Coastal walking203_IMG_1340Copy.JPG526images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-31T11:40:46.29Zfinds-189189MAS-O100189NAILPOST MEDIEVALThe find consists of 8 iron nails and an unidentifiable object that contains one further nail and is made of, or covered in, what appears to be fur.
The nails range in length from 135 - 175 mm, and c. 10 - 20 mm in width at their widest point below the head. All 8 nails have a rose type head and taper to a broad point. These features suggest that the nails were hand wrought, rather than cut or wire, a method where each nail is manufactured individually by hand on a blacksmiths anvil. The invention of the slitting mill c. 1590 simplified this process by manufacturing iron rods from which nails could be cut, tapered and given a head. Between 1790 and 1820 this process began to be replaced by machine cut nails, before eventual replacement by wire nails in the late 19th century. These nails, therefore, likely date from before the mid-19th century. The level of preservation of iron objects in an intertidal environment also suggests that they are likely to be more recent than the 1590 development of the slitting mill, a date of mid-18th to mid-19th centuries is tentatively suggested.
Images of the other object were sent to in-house finds secialist and animal bone specialist at Wessex Archaeology who both said it appeared to be animal skin that had been bundled up but could not tell what it was for. As the object has no readily diagnostic features, it remains unidentifiable.These objects were found during a walk on the River Thames near Rotherhithe. The finder notes that there were possible more than a 100 nails in total, spread over an area about 1.5 square metres.
The objects have been deemed as non-wreck material by the Receiver of Wreck and therefore do not have a droit number.UNASSIGNED36393MAS2018-06-13T00:00:00ZFastening2018-06-13T08:36:15Z2020-03-30T14:25:50Z18920175183234PAS5C5037EF001C03241441Greater London AuthorityTQ347951.49407113-0.07113608path.across.back10MAS MASMASIron11019OrganicIncompletePoorPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Other chance find189_DSC_0067.JPG456images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-30T13:25:50.487Zfinds-234234MAS-O100234BARRELPOST MEDIEVALThis find comprises of the remains of three to four wooden barrels, which were buried in the intertidal sandy substrate of a pleasure beach. The action of the tide revealed the barrels and it is unclear how much of the barrels remain. End of the staves, lengths of timber making the sides of the barrel, are visible and clearly degraded. In some cases these give the appearance of flaring outwards, implying that only the lower portion of the barrel remains. At least one barrel exhibits inwardly projecting staves, suggesting more than half of the barrel remains. There is some evidence for the remains of posts protruding from the barrels which otherwise give the appearance of having been filled with sand and stone.
The term cask is also used to describe barrels specifically intended for the storage of liquid, most commonly alcohol such as wine and beer. It has not been possible at this stage to ascertain the exact size and type of the barrels comprising this find, though it is estimated that they are of a small to medium size such as a Rundlet or Tierce. What the barrels were originally used for is not readily discernible, though it does appear that they have been repurposed for another function. The presence of posts within the barrels and their relative positions, laid out in a rough rectangle, suggests they used to accommodate foundation posts of a possible structure. This may have been a simple platform for bathers or anglers or something more complex such as a temporary jetty or pontoon. An image, submitted by the finder, dating to the 1850s shows structures in approximately the same position as the barrels, which may indicate the structure previously supported by the barrels. Alternatively they may relate someway to the practicing for the D-Day Landings in Normandy, which incorporated the beach and construction of landing pontoons. It has not been possible to firmly date this find from the available data, but given their condition and the preservation of the timber elements a more recent, post-medieval, date is tentatively suggested.Barrels have been in use since at least the time of the Roman Republic, with evidence suggesting their use from 350 BC or earlier (https://www.riverdrive.co/history-of-barrels/ accessed March 2020). Their suitability as water tight containers meant that, until the 20th century, they were essential for the transport and storage of food stuffs, water and alcohol. The whiskey distilling industry still uses traditional oak barrels extensively in the ageing process. The term barrel itself is a general term and there are many different types of barrel, determined by size, such as a firkin (c. 30 litres) and a tun (c. 954 litres). Container21413MAS2018-09-27T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage containerSite2018-10-15T09:58:04Z2020-03-30T14:21:28Z23441482835PAS5C5037EF001C03250003DownNW653654.66413092-5.64553486soils.bike.luck10MAS MASMASWood11988Iron11019Hand madeIncompletePoorROMANx41218MODERNx41047Coastal walking234_20180927_192948.jpg604images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-30T13:21:28.39Zfinds-7979MAS-D100079CLAY PIPE (SMOKING)NINETEENTH CENTURYAll three pipes here are complete and are of the short or 'cutty' form. Two of the pipes measure 100 mm and have bowls in the form of a male head, wearing a thin-brimmed cap, while the third, which measures 120 mm, has a simple impression pattern around the outside of the rim. The male head on two of the pipes has previously been thought to represent a military figure or the head of a French soldier. They fall into a group of more elaborate decorative pipes with bowls moulded in the form of human heads and animals, that were common in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Such decorative pipes would have been commonly exported.
Tobacco was grown in West Africa from the 17th century, where the inhabitants made their own pipes. The manufacture evolved from that of pottery vessels, but they also imported some through the Atlantic trade (Knight 2010, 67), which is likely what these pipes represent.These items were found with five gin bottles (MAS-D100063) and two perfume bottles (MAS-D100080).
All of these items were recovered from the wreck Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.
NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES39411185/173MAS2017-07-12T00:00:00ZPIPE (SMOKING)901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108With finder2017-07-15T15:13:43Z2020-03-30T14:10:58Z79100352847115PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA7218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASCeramic10539FigurativeCompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck63_Pipe2.jpg178images/MASLR2020-03-30T13:10:58.804Zfinds-8080MAS-D100080PERFUME BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYTwo clear glass perfume bottles.
One has a square tapered body and measures 85 mm by 35 mm while the other measures 95 mm by 40 mm and has a round body complete with a round stopper and still contains yellow liquid. Perfume bottles were part of the vessel's cargo and many other bottles have been salvaged from the wreck by divers during recent years. Their form would be entirely consistent with a date around the turn of the 19th/20th century. These items were found with five gin bottles (MAS-D100063) and three clay pipes (MAS-D100079).
All of these items were recovered from the wreck Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.
NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.CONTAINER39411185/173MAS2017-07-12T00:00:00ZCOSMETIC CONTAINER901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108With finder2017-07-15T15:13:43Z2020-03-30T14:10:11Z804095218284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck63_Flakon1.jpg176images/MASLR2020-03-30T13:10:11.612Zfinds-6363MAS-D100063BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYFive olive green case gin bottles with a square tapered body and four dots on base.
Some of the earliest spirit bottles were square in cross section and generally designed to contain gin, though undoubtedly contained various types of alcohol and possibly wine. Commonly called "case gin" or "taper gin" bottles since they would pack more efficiently to a case (six to 24 bottles) than round bottles. Case gin bottles are square with a more or less distinct taper inwards from the shoulder to the base. The neck is very short to almost non-existent with the finishes varying from a laid-on ring, flared, mineral finish, oil, and even a blob. This shape and style of bottle originated, and was commonly made, in Europe at least as early as the mid-17th century (https://sha.org/bottle/liquor.htm#CaseGinbottles accessed October 2017). These examples do not exhibit the bevelled corners generally seen on bottles of the 1860s or later and may therefore be earlier 19th century.These items were found with two clay pipes (MAS-D100079) and two perfume bottles (MAS-D100080).
All of these items were recovered from the wreck Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.
NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.CONTAINER39391185/173MAS2017-07-12T00:00:00ZFOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108With finder2017-07-15T15:13:43Z2020-03-30T14:10:00Z6370250518284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck63_Bottle1.jpg174images/MASLR2020-03-30T13:10:00.805Zfinds-134134MAS-D100134HANDLEPOST MEDIEVALThe stem of a silver fork or spoon with a hallmark pattern.
The set of four hallmarks located together on the piece of cutlery indicates it was made later than 1781, when this practice was first introduced. Based on this image, this type of spoon/fork is possibly a Fiddle pattern - this refers to the shape of the handle - and is a type introduced in the 1780s and still in production today. The Fiddle pattern means that there are shoulders on the stem near the bowl, which is seen on this example. The lower end of the stem juts out around 90 degrees but this example may have been worn down in the marine environment. Dominant throughout the nineteenth century, Fiddle pattern is the most commonly found pattern from the 1800s. Originating in France, it first occurred in England from the 1760s without the shoulders on the stem near the bowl. The most common Fiddle pattern variants are Fiddle & Thread and Fiddle, Thread & Shell. The production of plain Fiddle pattern ceased around the time of World War One (https://www.antiquesilverspoons.co.uk/spoon-info accessed January 2018).This item was found with one stoneware salt glazed jar (MAS-D100132), two clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one black glass bottle, one tall wine bottle brown glass hexagonal at base (MAS-D100133) and three ceramic bottles (MAS-D100156).FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION36411316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZCUTLERYWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-30T14:05:38Z134122282115PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASSilver11728IncompleteFairPOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047DivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck156_IMG_3565Large.JPG361images/MASLR2020-03-30T13:05:38.344Zfinds-156156MAS-D100156BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYThree salt glazed stoneware bottles. This form of bottle was a type used to carry seltzer water and gin.
Seltzer water was exported by various Continental (mainly German) spas. The term 'seltzer' takes its name from the town of Selters in the lower Rhineland, one of the original producers of effervescent mineral waters. This cylindrical bottle type was used from the early 19th century through to the First World War and were produced by the specialist potters known as Krugbacker, or pot bakers, in the Westerwald region of Germany. These bottles, which changed little throughout the 19th century, were slender and cylindrical and colored reddish brown with straight, vertical sides (NMSC Archaeology & Museum Blog webpage accessed November 2017).
These types of stonewear bottles are also associated with gin exportation from continental distilleries, mainly Amsterdam. Bottles were often stamped with marks indicating the bottling company, therefore any obvious marking could help in distinguishing whether these particular bottles carried seltzer water or gin.These items were found with one stoneware salt glazed jar (MAS-D100132), two clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one black glass bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with a hexagonal base (MAS-D100133) and part of a metal fork/spoon (MAS-D100134).CONTAINER39411316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZFOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINERWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-30T13:58:26Z15632035284514PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNFishingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck156_IMG_3562.JPG355images/MASLR2020-03-30T12:58:26.385Zfinds-132132MAS-D100132INK BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYOne stoneware ink bottle.
Ink bottles or inkwells were made of various materials including glass, various metals, various stones, various woods, horn, ceramics and stoneware, and even hard rubber. Prior to beginning of the 19th century, virtually all ink came in ceramic containers which were still commonly used throughout most of the 19th century. Stoneware bottles were superseded by glass bottles by the first decade of the 20th century. Ink bottles of this size are known as the bulk or master ink bottles (https://sha.org/bottle/household.htm, accessed March 2020). The master bottles usually have a pouring lip or spout that would be used to distribute the ink in to smaller wells (Hume 2001), although that lip is not present on this example. Brown ink bottles without a spout, like this discovery, date from the 1850s to 1880s.This item was found with two clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one black glass bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with a hexagonal base (MAS-D100133), a handle of a metal fork/spoon (MAS-D100134) and three stoneware salt glazed jars (MAS-D100156).Written communications39391316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZWriting and drawing equipmentWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-30T13:57:21Z13220015284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck156_IMG_3558Large.JPG360images/MASLR2020-03-30T12:57:21.283Zfinds-183183MAS-D100183UNIDENTIFIED OBJECTPOST MEDIEVALFind comprises of a single length of copper or copper alloy wire, measuring approximately 140 mm long and 10 mm in thickness. The wire consists of a central core of copper alloy strands, which are then wrapped or sheathed in a strand of copper alloy tightly wound around the core. The wire appears to taper towards one end, though it is not clear if this part of its manufacture or damage occurring to it during its use or post deposition on the seabed. The function of this item, clearly incomplete as evidenced by its severed ends, is unclear. Its finding was recorded as being in close proximity to a swivel gun (MAS-D100180) and it is possible that its function related to the use or maintenance of the weapon. It would seem unlikely that it functioned as a cable, due to the use of copper alloy which is not known for it tensile strength. Similarly, though copper is used extensively in modern electrical wiring, the date of the associated Brandy wreck would preclude its use within electronics. Of course this find may be intrusive and not relate to the wreck at all. One further consideration is the possibility it is a fragment of a lightning rod that may have been fitted to a ships mast for protection during and electrical storm at sea.This find comes from an unidentified wreck known as the Brandy Wreck, situated east of Portland Harbour in Weymouth Bay, Dorset. An investigation of the newly discovered wreck was carried out by Wessex Archaeology (2016) in conjunction with The Shipwreck Project, a local organisation who discovered the site, and at the behest of Historic England. The lack of datable evidence from secure contexts, structural elements of a vessel and other factors meant that a precise date or name of the vessel could not be determined. Broadly, the vessel is thought to date between 1600 and 1825 AD and may relate to a naval or merchant vessel, or potentially be a chance accumulation of artefacts. Vessel currently has no NRHE or HER designation numbers.
This item was found with a swivel gun (MAS-D100180), a timber (MAS-D100177) and a flat strip of copper (MAS-D100184).36391091/183MAS2018-05-22T00:00:00Z2018-06-01T08:28:32Z2020-03-27T15:32:00Z1831401531415PAS5C5037EF001C03214362DorsetSY737550.57411317-2.38265074commander.evening.twist10MAS MASMASCopper10626FragmentCorrodedPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving183_MAS_D100184_1.JPG485images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-27T15:32:00.545Zfinds-172172MAS-F100172AIRCRAFT COMPONENTMODERNRolls Royce Merlin 45 gear unit, serial number GU 69 677, with a truncated, heavily damaged and corroded, three bladed propeller. All three propeller blades have survived despite heavy corrosion, though the end of one is missing. The wiring in the propeller cam shaft is visible since the outer dome casing has partially disintegrated. The Merlin 45 engine was used in the Mk. V Supermarine Spitfire fighters, in Reconnaissance Spitfires (PR Mk. IG & P MK. IV), and early versions of the naval version the Supermarine Seafire Mk. IB and Mk. IIC). The Merlin 45 saw active service from early 1941 as squadrons were equipped with the new Mk. V Spitfires.
Consultation with Boscombe Down Aviation Collection has suggested that this aircraft likely landed on the water, rather than crashed directly, as the damage to the propellor blades is minimal. Given that the nose of an aircraft is most likely where the initial impact of a crash would occur this would appear a more than probable conclusion. Additionally, following cleaning and initial preservation steps, it was noted that there are two circular scollops in the edge of one of the propellor blades (see image 13 of 13). Boscombe Down Aviation Collection suggest that these are of a diametre closely matching that of cannon shells that may have been fired at the Spitfire from a German aircraft such as a Messerschmitt BF 109E. This evidence suggests that the aircraft, to which this Gear unit belonged, was in combat shortly before its loss. The damaged sustained likely caused the engine to fail, causing the pilot to belly land the aircraft on the sea. It is to be hoped that he successfully exited the aircraft and was rescued following these events. Efforts to identify the exact aircraft from which this gear unit originated are being contiued by Boscombe Down AC.The Mk. V Spitfires were initially developed in late 1940 as a high altitude interceptor and were essentially remodelled Mk I & Mk II spitfires with a new engine, later Mk V's were purpose built airframes.
The PR Mk. IG (Armed) & P MK. IV (Unarmed) Spitfires were variants created to fulfil the role of photo- reconnaissance of enemy held territory. On some variants the planes had all their armament removed and often replaced with additional fuel tanks to increase their operational range. Their speed, small size and high operational ceiling allowed them to either remain undetected or avoid enemy aircraft. This role had previously been performed by light bombers, such as the Bristol Blenheim, or purpose built reconnaissance aircraft, such as the Westland Lysander. They are both relatively slow aircraft and the Lysander had no armament what so ever, as a result early war losses were high and an alternative solution was sought.
The Seafire was a naval version of the Spitfire, adapted for use on aircraft carriers, the first batch of which came into service in late 1941. The earlier variants being used for training to acquaint Fleet Air Arm pilots with the Spitfire air frame and using it on aircraft carriers. vehicle41411059/183MAS2018-04-27T00:00:00Zaircraft engineWith Boscombe Down Aviation Collection2018-04-27T09:07:05Z2020-03-27T15:30:26Z172124512414PAS5C5037EF001C032MAS MASMASSteel11786OtherIncompleteCorrodedMODERNMODERNFishing172_i0000010.jpg418images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-27T15:30:26.261Zfinds-150150MAS-D100150LIDMODERNOne copper item, thought to be a lid by discoverer. It is around 180 mm in diameter with greenish brown discolouration from the oxidising of the copper. At its centre there is a raised disc that has been possibly beaten out of the original shape. This circular embossed disc is approximately 90 mm in diameter and has a small circular aperture in its centre (roughly 10 mm diameter). Other than a lid, the item could be a lamp shade of some sort or a hub of some wheeled apparatus.This items was found with two bowls (MAS-D100127), one brass hinge (MAS-D100128), one brown bottle and one clear bottle (MAS-D100129) and one ceramic mug a (MAS-D100130).UNASSIGNED3941312/173MAS2017-09-30T00:00:00ZDOMED LID2017-10-09T15:46:29Z2020-03-27T15:26:58Z1501801533415PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASCopper10626UncertainCorrodedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDiving150_copperlid.JPG759images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-27T15:26:58.894Zfinds-133133MAS-D100133BOTTLESPOST MEDIEVALTwo clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with glass hexagonal base (94 stamped on base) and one black glass bottle.
The fruit bottles are 280 mm long and 70 mm wide. One appears to be more encrusted and discoloured than the other, but both are consistent in their shape. They possess straight bodies, abrubtly curving shoulders and straight necks running to applied finishes. One is still stoppered and contains what appears to be olives. Both are indicative of fruit bottles in style and shape.
The two wine bottles differ in appearance. The first is made from clear green and ornately decorated glass, with spiralling exhibitned from the shoulders and up the neck. It is 300 mm long and 60 mm wide, with straight sides and gradually sloping shoulders to a straight neck before a wine finish. The second bottle is cruder in appearance. The dark brown/black glass in encrusted with marine biofauna, and its shape is slightly warped to the left in the photograph. The sides are straight, but the shoulders are seemingly absent, as the entire 380 mm length of the bottle appears to slope right down to the finish. At its base '94' is stamped, which could mean it is dated from 1894 (1994 and 1794 unlikely for this style of bottle). Both bottles are still stoppered.
The final bottle has straight sides, very pronounced and acutely rounded shoulders, a slightly bulging neck and a ringed finish with cork still intact. The bottle is squat in profile, with a length of 230 mm and a width of 80 mm. This style is indicative of port bottles, and as such the bottle could contain liquor.These items were found with one stoneware salt glazed jar (MAS-D100132), three stoneware bottles (MAS-D100156) and part of a metal fork (MAS-D100134).Container39411894316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage containerWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-27T15:17:55Z13311814414115PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASGlass10879Wood11988BlownCompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving156_IMG_3550Large.JPG357images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-27T15:17:55.406Zfinds-129129MAS-D100129BOTTLESPOST MEDIEVALTwo bottles with dark glass. Both appear to be 250 mm from finish to base and 50 mm in diameter. One bottle is dark green and the other black. Both have been encrusted and marked with biological activity, which could be mistaken for ornate symbols and badges. Neither are corked or stoppered. Both are very similar in style with straight bodies, rounded and slightly abrupt shoulders that lead into slightly bulging necks before an applied wine finish. From this shape and size, both bottles are assumed to be wine bottles, or perhaps liquor bottles from the 19-20th century.
The finish of the bottles is what's known as a packer finish. The primary diagnostic feature of the packer finish is that it has the same diameter from top to bottom (no flare) and is moderately tall. The outside surface of the finish is generally flat, though can sometimes be very slightly concave or convex. The packer finish can be found on just about any type or class of bottle that held liquid or semi-liquid products. This style of finish can also be found on bottles dating from the mid-19th century through the early machine-made bottle era (i.e, up through the 1920s). Thus, the style by itself has little utility for either dating or typing (https://sha.org/bottle/finishstyles.htm#English%20Ring Accessed March 2020). If the bottles have kicked bases, it would indicate a wine bottle, while a flat base would indicate a beer bottle.This items was found with two bowls (MAS-D100127), one brass hinge (MAS-D100128), one ceramic mug (MAS-D100130) and one copper lid (MAS-D100150).3941312/173MAS2017-09-30T00:00:00Z2017-10-09T15:46:29Z2020-03-27T15:16:52Z12950250118414515PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASGlass10879BlownCompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving129_allmaterial.JPG756images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-27T15:16:52.382Zfinds-124124MAS-O100124BRASSPOST MEDIEVALOne ornate brass piece. The piece has an aperture in the middle, in the centre of a circular disc which is itself recessed slightly into the surface. The disc extends laterally into two leaf-shaped limbs, which are decoratively styled and form curved arrows at their tips. At the end of each limb there is a circular hole, which was likely used to fasten the brass piece to its host object. These holes are countersunk, presumably to accommodate the heads of screws. The piece is approximately 90 mm in length, with a width of 40 mm and thickness of 2 mm. The diameter of the two larger holes on the limbs is 5mm approximately, and the diameter of the central hole is around 2-3 mm, with the central disc of the piece having a diameter of 4 mm.
Whilst by no means certain, this object appears to be a fitting for an item of furniture. The recess around the central hole appears to be designed to accommodate the base of a circular or spherical/hemispherical object, suggestive of a handle or knob, while the two other holes are for securing the brass plate to the item of furniture. This, therefore, may be a bracket for a drawer or door handle on an item of furniture.3641320/173MAS2017-09-08T00:00:00Z2017-09-11T19:19:58Z2020-03-27T15:02:05Z12424090174115PAS5C5037EF001C032SW822050.04012553-5.04588056loaning.rounds.drifters6MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627CastCompletePOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047Diving124_IMG_01.jpg324images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-27T15:02:05.708Zfinds-169169MAS-O100169KNIFEPOST MEDIEVALDouble edged blade covered with concretions, around 25 mm wide and 280 mm long. Displays iron oxidation, and the item has not been preserved well. The blade is roughly 200 mm long and the thicker handle is approximately 80 mm long.
Following consultation with Henry Yallop of The Royal Armouries museum, this object can only be discribed as roughly the shape of a common blade form , i.e. roughly lenticular, and about 25 mm broad. What is not clear is whether it was once the complete blade, or that this is part of one, or alternatively that it was the part of another forged object, and only appears to be blade like.Tools and equipment3641026/183MAS2017-10-15T00:00:00Zcutting equipmentWith finder2018-01-20T18:52:51Z2020-03-26T16:22:12Z16902527018275PAS5C50379B001E6C225469Isle of WightSZ428050.61820269-1.40768541blesses.recline.numeral10MAS MASMASIron11019IncompleteConcretedPOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047Coastal walking169_20180205_150952.jpg409images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-26T16:22:12.235Zfinds-184184MAS-D100184UNIDENTIFIED OBJECTPOST MEDIEVALA single piece of copper alloy sheeting, measuring approximately 70 mm by 55 mm with a thickness of c. 2 mm. The item bears 4 grooves pressed into the metal along the long axis on one face, only one of which is evident on the opposite face. The item appears to be distorted from its original shape, all the edges appear intact suggesting it is otherwise complete. The function of such an item is unclear, though it was recovered in close proximity to a swivel gun (MAS-D100180) and may relate to the functioning of such a weapon in some way.This find comes from an unidentified wreck known as the Brandy Wreck, situated east of Portland Harbour in Weymouth Bay, Dorset. An investigation of the newly discovered wreck was carried out by Wessex Archaeology (2016) in conjunction with The Shipwreck Project, a local organisation who discovered the site, and at the behest of Historic England. The lack of datable evidence from secure contexts, structural elements of a vessel and other factors meant that a precise date or name of the vessel could not be determined. Broadly, the vessel is thought to date between 1600 and 1825 AD and may relate to a naval or merchant vessel, or potentially be a chance accumulation of artefacts. Vessel currently has no NRHE or HER designation numbers.
This item was found with a swivel gun (MAS-D100180), a timber (MAS-D100177) and a length of copper wire (MAS-D100183).363913MAS2018-05-22T00:00:00Z2018-06-01T08:28:33Z2020-03-26T16:15:52Z1845570174415PAS5C5037EF001C03214362DorsetSY737550.57411317-2.38265074commander.evening.twist10MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627CompleteCorrodedPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving184_MAS_D100183_2.JPG487images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T16:15:52.417Zfinds-146146MAS-D100146UNIDENTIFIED OBJECTNINETEENTH CENTURYFind consists of an ornate metal piece, bearing a flyr de lys type of design above a solid bar, presumably used for mounting. No dimensions were given, though it is suggested to be made from lead and H shaped, the finder described it as "part of a fireguard from the ship room". This material type would seem unsuitable for such a purpose, therefore it is still unclear what the purpose of this object is, although it is generally accepted that it is a decorative object of some sort.All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania.
This item was found with a spoon/fork handle (MAS-D100174), fragments of a clock (MAS-D100173) and crockery fragments (MAS-D100138).Decorative Piece39392318781320/173MAS2018-03-26T00:00:00Z883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 26With finder2018-05-02T10:10:08Z2020-03-26T16:13:14Z146193115PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR232951.017114981.17805502devoting.snowstorm.sobbing10MAS MASMASLead11094UncertainFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMiddleLateNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving146_Capture2.JPG743images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T16:13:14.659Zfinds-138138MAS-D100138CONTAINERSNINETEENTH CENTURYTwo shards of crockery with makers mark present. The stamp is made up of letters "H A P A G" and a stylised admiralty anchor which has a wooden stock behind a shield. "H.A.P. A.G" refers to The Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Aktien Gesellschaft; a German shipping company that operated from 1847 until 1970. The stamps would have been on the base of the corckery therefore it is not clear whether these pieces would have belonged to bowls or plates when they were in use. The shards are white, with dark flecked inclusions and yellowish patches. It is more than likely that these pieces were part of the vessel's everyday tableware.All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania.
This item was found with a decorative lead object (MAS-D100146), six clock parts (MAS-D100173), and a fork or spoon handle (MAS-D100174).CONTAINER39411320/173MAS2018-03-26T00:00:00ZFOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 26With finder2018-05-02T10:10:08Z2020-03-26T16:11:45Z138251115PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR232951.017114981.17805502devoting.snowstorm.sobbing10MAS MASMASCeramic10539FragmentFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDiving173_IMG_6356.JPG431images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-26T16:11:45.896Zfinds-174174MAS-D100174CUTLERYNINETEENTH CENTURYThis record refers to the handle of a metal spoon or fork included within this group of finds. The diagnostic end of the piece is broken and therefore is uncertain whether this is a fork or spoon, and a lack of measurements precludes determining whether this is a tea or desert size in terms of spoon , or cake or main course size of fork. The fabric of the item, though slightly coroded, has a yellowish colour which may indicate gold or gold plating has been used in its manufacture. Alternatively, given the verdigris colour of the corrosion, may have been constructed in a copper alloy or have had silver plating which can also corrode to a similar colour. There may be a hallmark or makers mark stamped on the back of the object that may shed more light on where it was manufactured. The date of this item is given by the wreck from which it was recovered, which sank in 1878.All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania.
This item was found with a clock (MAS-D100173), a decorative lead object (MAS-D100146) and crockery fragments (MAS-D100138).Spoon39391878320/173MAS2018-03-26T00:00:00Z883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 262018-05-02T10:10:08Z2020-03-26T16:10:28Z174172415PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR232951.017114981.17805502devoting.snowstorm.sobbing10MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627IncompleteCorrodedNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving174_IMG_6351.jpg741images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T16:10:29.018Zfinds-179179MAS-O100179ORDNANCEPOST MEDIEVALThis find consists of 12 lead balls varying in diameter between c. 15 mm and 21mm. All appear unfired and bear the mould lines and sprue marks from being hand moulded in a 2 part mould. The balls themselves are in fair condition, though some bear concretion/encrustation.
Images of the finds were sent to Charles Trollop, an expert in historical ordnance, who advised that in all likelihood these are English Standard Musket (0.775 " or 19.79 mm) and Carbine (0.615 " or 15.64 mm) Balls. These standards relate to most of the black powder/smooth bore period from the 17th to 19th centuries.This find comes from an unidentified wreck known as the Brandy Wreck, situated east of Portland Harbour in Weymouth Bay, Dorset. An investigation of the newly discovered wreck was carried out by Wessex Archaeology (2016) in conjunction with The Shipwreck Project, a local organisation who discovered the site, and at the behest of Historic England. The lack of datable evidence from secure contexts, structural elements of a vessel and other factors meant that a precise date or name of the vessel could not be determined. Broadly, the vessel is thought to date between 1600 and 1825 AD and may relate to a naval or merchant vessel, or potentially be a chance accumulation of artefacts. Vessel currently has no NRHE or HER designation numbers.ARMOUR AND WEAPONS36391095/183MAS2018-05-22T00:00:00ZAMMUNITIONWith Finder2018-06-01T08:28:31Z2020-03-26T16:00:29Z17921129415214362DorsetSY737550.57411317-2.38265074commander.evening.twist10MAS MASMASLead11094CompletePOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving179_IMG_2041.jpg439images/MAS2020-03-26T16:00:29.552Zfinds-178178MAS-D100178TOOTHBRUSHPOST MEDIEVALThis find consists of a brush handle and head manufactured from either bone, horn or ivory, with the bristles missing. The item is approximately 160 mm in overall length, with the head being c. 60 mm, a neck of c. 20 mm and a handle of 80 mm. The head of the brush is c. 15 mm wide, the neck c. 8mm and the handle c.10 mm. There is a small hole in the end of the handle, presumably for accomodating a lanyard or for hanging the brush from. In the head there are 32 holes for accomodating the bristles, with channels recessed and filled on the rear face where the bristles would have been secured. The condition of the brush is poor, especially the handle where the bone is heavily degraded. No markings are evident anywhere on the object. The brush is of a type used for cleaning teeth from the 17th through to early 20th century, closer dating is not possible without markings or further typological detail (https://www.dentalartsmv.com/the-long-and-remarkable-history-of-the-toothbrush/ accessed March 2020).This find comes from an unidentified wreck known as the Brandy Wreck, situated east of Portland Harbour in Weymouth Bay, Dorset. An investigation of the newly discovered wreck was carried out by Wessex Archaeology (2016) in conjunction with The Shipwreck Project, a local organisation who discovered the site, and at the behest of Historic England. The lack of datable evidence from secure contexts, structural elements of a vessel and other factors meant that a precise date or name of the vessel could not be determined. Broadly, the vessel is thought to date between 1600 and 1825 AD and may relate to a naval or merchant vessel, or potentially be a chance accumulation of artefacts.
Vessel currently has no NRHE or HER designation numbers.DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES36391090/183MAS2018-05-21T00:00:00ZToothbrushN/AWith Finder2018-06-01T06:40:01Z2020-03-26T16:00:04Z1781516013215PAS5C5037EF001C03PAS5C5037EF001C03214362DorsetSY737550.57411317-2.38265074commander.evening.twist10MAS MASMASOrganicIncompletePOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving178_IMG_2026.jpg438images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T16:00:04.103Zfinds-177177MAS-D100177TIMBERPOST MEDIEVALSection of highly degraded timber measuring approximately 216 mm in length by 31 mm at its widest point. The ends taper to a point, in a regular fashion that seems a deliberate aspect of the timber rather than part of the process of degredation. At least five nail or bolt holes are apparent in the face of the timber, further differentiating the piece from a section of unworked natural wood. The function of the timber is unidentifiable from the data available. As it has been recovered from a wreck it is likely to relate to the vessel itself and can tentatively be interpreted as a ships timber that has been exposed for at least part of its life on the sea bed.This find comes from an unidentified wreck known as the Brandy Wreck, situated east of Portland Harbour in Weymouth Bay, Dorset. An investigation of the newly discovered wreck was carried out by Wessex Archaeology (2016) in conjunction with The Shipwreck Project, a local organisation who discovered the site, and at the behest of Historic England. The lack of datable evidence from secure contexts, structural elements of a vessel and other factors meant that a precise date or name of the vessel could not be determined. Broadly, the vessel is thought to date between 1600 and 1825 AD and may relate to a naval or merchant vessel, or potentially be a chance accumulation of artefacts. Vessel currently has no NRHE or HER designation numbers.
This item was found with a swivel gun (MAS-D100180), length of braided copper (MAS-D100183) and a flat strip of copper (MAS-D100184).TRANSPORT36391091/183MAS2018-05-22T00:00:00ZSHIP2018-06-01T06:40:00Z2020-03-26T15:59:14Z177352201142315PAS5C5037EF001C03214362DorsetSY737550.57411317-2.38265074commander.evening.twist10MAS MASMASWood11988IncompletePoorPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving180_IMG_2025.jpg445images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T15:59:14.22Zfinds-180180MAS-D100180CANNONPOST MEDIEVALThis item appears to be a small calibre black powder weapon, such as a swivel gun, commonly mounted on vessels throughout the age of sail as well as being used in terrestrial settings. The weapon is approximately 750 mm in overall length, with external muzzle diameter of approximately 110 mm flaring to an external diameter of 180 mm at the breech end. The condition of the artefact is poor due to heave concretion, though visual analysis suggests it is a muzzle loading gun. No Trunnions for mounting the weapon are immediately apparent despite the concretion.
As their name suggests, swivel guns were small cannons mounted on iron staves or sticks so that the point of aim could be quickly and easily changed. They are essentially close in defence weapons, designed to be fired over short distances to deter attempts to board the vessel which they are defending. Commonly the ammunition used would be cannister, a small case packed with musket balls or the like, which upon firing would spread out in a cone potentially hitting multiple targets. Such a weapon would be particularly effective against small boats or boarding parties where large numbers of enemies would be packed together.This find comes from an unidentified wreck known as the Brandy Wreck, situated east of Portland Harbour in Weymouth Bay, Dorset. An investigation of the newly discovered wreck was carried out by Wessex Archaeology (2016) in conjunction with The Shipwreck Project, a local organisation who discovered the site, and at the behest of Historic England. The lack of datable evidence from secure contexts, structural elements of a vessel and other factors meant that a precise date or name of the vessel could not be determined. Broadly, the vessel is thought to date between 1600 and 1825 AD and may relate to a naval or merchant vessel, or potentially be a chance accumulation of artefacts. Vessel currently has no NRHE or HER designation numbers.
This item was found with a ships timber (MAS-D100177), length of braided copper (MAS-D100183) and a flat strip of copper (MAS-D100184).ARMOUR AND WEAPONS36391091/183MAS2018-05-22T00:00:00ZfirearmN/AWith Finder2018-06-01T08:40:20Z2020-03-26T15:57:58Z180180750183715214362DorsetSY737550.57411317-2.38265074commander.evening.twist10MAS MASMASIron11019UncertainConcretedPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving180_IMG_2029.jpg441images/MAS2020-03-26T15:57:58.537Zfinds-175175MAS-D100175SHIP FITTINGSNINETEENTH CENTURYTwo brass deck water filler plates and one ceramic door number (45).
The water filler plates are 150 mm in diameter and approximately 100 mm thick. They are both heavily degraded and concreted, distorting their 'mushroom-shaped' original form. It appears they have screws running through the wider top surface and hanging down below next to the tinner plug interior. The screws are approximately 50 mm long and 5 mm in diameter. This type of ships fiitting is used to provide an access point by which to fill water tanks on a vessel and are common on many vessels, from pleasure craft to commercial vessels, up until the present. A hole would be drilled through the deck to accomodate the tube and the outer face of the plate would be flush with the deck, the central cap could then be unscrewed to allow a water pipe to be inserted and the tank filled. The plates are manufactured in a material, such as brass or stainless steel, is resistant to corrosion from sea water thereby protecting the rest of the pipework which would connect the pipe to the tank itself fitted lowr in the vessel.
The ceramic door number is 50 mm in diameter, and in fair condition. The number '45' has faded, and the white ceramic has been stained yellow in places. Near the edges either side of the number there are two holes roughly 3.5 mm in diameter, used to secure the number plate in place. The exact use for this item is difficult to determine, as it could be cargo or more likely ship fittings. It may correspond to cabin door numbers, crew lockers or the like, its high quality finish suggests that it is unlikely to be part of the crew or operating areas of the vessel and therefore probably relates to the accomodation of the 100 or more passengers the vessel could carry.These items were recovered from the wreck of the SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania.39391878073/183MAS2018-05-06T00:00:00Z883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 262018-05-09T11:27:36Z2020-03-26T15:39:40Z17510015012454515PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR323251.040489161.30806705resemblances.unopposed.audiobooks10MAS MASMASSteel11786Ceramic10539CompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving175_IMG_4997Large.JPG435images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-26T15:39:40.161Zfinds-181181MAS-D100181TIMBERPOST MEDIEVALFind consists of two sections of timber or wood. The first measures approximately 1650 mm in length, 85 mm in width and 90 mm in depth. There are no diagnostic elements visible upon the timber, such as tool marks or fixing points, and therefore its function remains unknown. It does, however, appear to be faced and is therefore unlikely to be a piece of natural driftwood.
The second piece of wood measures approximately 196 mm in length and 20 mm in width. There is at least one possible nail hole visible and again it appears to have been faced or worked by human hands. It is heavily degraded and this, coupled with a lack of diagnostic details, preclude any comment on its original function or use.
Both pieces of timber appear to have been at least prepared for use by human action, though how they came to be in the sea or when is unknown at this point. It may be that they relate to ships timbers, originating from a wreck or discarded overboard, part of shoreline installations, such as a pier or jetty, or simpley be lost cargo from a ship carrying timber as cargo. The nail hole in the second piece suggests that this has been used and is therefore unlikely to be cargo, whereas the lack of bolt holes or othwer fixings on the larger timber may suggest the opposite.
The fact that the larger timber was photographed with with a swivel gun (MAS-D100180) may indicate that it was recovered from the same area on the seabed.SHIP36391094/183MAS2018-05-22T00:00:00ZTimber2018-06-01T09:21:57Z2020-03-26T15:02:12Z18190851650114115214362DorsetSY637150.53759313-2.52346561feeds.passive.slims10MAS MASMASWood11988FragmentPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving181_IMG_2022.jpg446images/MAS2020-03-26T15:02:12.325Zfinds-205205MAS-D100205TOBACCO PIPEPOST MEDIEVALComplete example of a clay tobacco pipe of the bent billiard style, probably dating to the 19th century. Overall length of 80 mm, with the stem being 50 mm in length. The "short stem" is circular in profile at the heel, changing to a hexaganol profile 20 mm from the mouth piece, which bears beading around the aperture. The left hand side of the stem, from the users perspective, bears a cartouche comprising an embossed diamond lozenge in turn enclosing an incised inscription of SQUATTERS OWN. The opposite side of the stem bears an identical lozenge enclosing the incised word SYDNEY. The bowl is approximately 35 mm in height, from base to mouth, with the mouth having an exterior width of 25 mm on the long axis. the shape of the bowl is slightly rounded on the outside, with no evidence of flatenning of the heel. The clay fabric is of an off white or ivory colour with a smooth satin like finish.
The inscription "Squatters Own" refers to a series of pipes manufactured solely for the Australian market in England, sometimes also referred to as "Squatters Own Budgaree" or "Squatters Bungaree" (Budgaree/Bungaree is derived from Aboriginal languages, meaning good). Though uncertain, these pipes were probably manufactured in Rainford at the Hill Top Pipe Works, run by David Swallow, though other manufacturers in Scotland and elsewhere in England may have subsequently copied this style (Gojack and Stuart 1999). Examples of these pipes have not been found outside Australia and New Zealand other than at the Rainford works and one unusual example of two fragments recovered in New Jersey (Springate 2010). Examples of these pipes often exhibit narrow bowls with intricate designs, known as effigy pipes, this example has a fuller and larger bowl without an effigy however.This item was found with four stonewear bottles (MAS-D100206), and a glass bottle (MAS-D100207). These items were recovered from an undesignated wreck known locally as the Mindoro, though no records are available online relating to such a wreck.Squatters Own/Sydney39411240/183MAS2018-08-28T00:00:00ZN/AWith finder2018-08-29T08:50:03Z2020-03-26T14:50:03Z205801549215PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR353551.06620131.35272976recharges.vehicles.unmarked10MAS MASMASCeramic10539MouldedCompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving205_IMG_01.jpg532images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T14:50:03.524Zfinds-206206MAS-D100206BOTTLESNINETEENTH CENTURYThis find comprises of four stoneware bottles with the inscription "A PHILLIPS VICTORIA VI" and one stoneware ink bottle inscribed "BLACKWOODS" bearing a pouring lip. All vessels are constructed in a cream stoneware ceramic with a clear glaze.
The four A PHILLIPS bottles are approximately 220 mm in overall height (150 mm from heel to sharply angled shoulder), with an exterior diameter of 80 mm in the body and 30 mm at the finish. The finish is of a type known as an applied finish, from glass bottle construction where an additional strip of glass is applied around the rim of the bottle, in this case this ring was likely to have been part of the mould in which the bottle was manufactured. The body is cylindrical with a sharp angle at the shoulder, with the constriction above the shoulder being straight before curving into the short neck immediately beneath the finish. the vessel in the photo is of good condition with one small chip at the base.
The ink bottle is approximately 180 mm in height (120 mm from heel to sharply angled shoulder), with an exterior diameter of 80 mm in the body, 30 mm at the neck and 45 mm at the flared finish and pouring lip. The neck bears two horizontal beaded rings <5 mm thick, approximately 10 mm apart and 15 mm below the flared finish. The body is cylindrical with a sharp angle at the shoulder, with the constriction above the shoulder being slightly concave as is curves into the short neck.The vessel is in moderately good condition, though there is some cracking of the glaze evident and a small amound of encrustation around the base.
Dating of these vessels, based on the known operating period of the companies inscribed upon them, is likely after 1858 (A Phillips arrives in Victoria), but prior to 1871 when the patent of Blackwoods bottles and change in form is likely. This is predicated on the vessels being from the same wreck.
The A PHILLIPS inscriptions refer to the Pioneer Syrup, Soda & Cider Works established by Alexander Aaron Phillips of Victoria, British Columbia after 1858. Mr Phillips is the first recorded Jewish resident of Victoria (http://www.jmaw.org/phillips-victoria-jewish-bc/ accessed January 2019). The vessels presumably predate the 1881 change of the business name to A Phillips and Son. No record of where these vessels were produced could be found, though given the large quantities of stoneware vessels exported to Canada and the USA from Great Britain in the mid-19th century it is possible these were being exported to Canada for Mr Phillips.
The other bottle, though the inscription is only partially visible in photo, appears to be an ink bottle from ink manufacturer Blackwood & Co, London. This company appears to have existed from at least 1851, based on an advertisement in the 4th November 1851 issue of The Times. In 1856 the company patented their design of pouring ink bottle, and again in 1871, with the later examples bearing the words "PATENT SYPHON" immediately below the company name. That this inscription is missing from this vessel, that the patented vessels bear a more pronounced and elongated lip, along with a small hole in the rear of the neck opposite the spout, implies this particular example predates 1871.This item was found with a clay tobacco pipe (MAS-D100205), and a glass bottle (MAS-D100207). These items were recovered from an undesignated wreck known locally as the Mindoro, though no records are available online relating to such a wreck.3939185118791240/183MAS2018-08-28T00:00:00ZN/AWith finder2018-08-29T08:50:56Z2020-03-26T14:09:41Z22020680520417215PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR353551.06620131.35272976recharges.vehicles.unmarked10MAS MASMASStonewareIncised or engraved or chasedCompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving206_IMG_01.jpg534images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T14:09:41.936Zfinds-191191MAS-D100191COINNINETEENTH CENTURYThis find comprises of a single gold coin from the USA with a value of $10. This 1847 minted coin was created for standard circulation and measures 27 mm in diameter with a weight of 16.72 grammes, the coin is minted in an alloy of 90% gold and 10% copper. It is of a type known as a Coronet Head - Eagle, based on the depictions on each face. The head side shows a side profile of lady liberty wearing a coront inscribed with the word "LIBERTY", the obverse bearing a spread eagle with a crest upon it and the words "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TEN D." inscribed around the circumference of the coin. The edge of the coin is finished with a pattern known as reeding. A total of 862,258 of these coins were minted in 1847 and these are considered to be of high value due to their rarity. Another batch of coins was produced in the same year but bear the letter O below the eagle on the obverse face (https://en.numista.com/catalogue/pieces16125.html accessed 10 March 2020). The engraving of the master coin was carried out by a Christian Gobrecht and the coins were minted in Philadelphia (https://www.usacoinbook.com/coins/4090/gold-10-eagle/coronet-head/1847-P/ accessed 10 March 2020).
It is not clear why the SS Pomerania was carrying such a coin, though the vessel carried passengers between Europe and the United States. It may have belonged to a passenger, although as the vessel was en route to the USA this would have required changing currency prior to departure. Alternatively it may have belonged to a crew member or the vessel itself for purchasing supplies and the like whilst in US ports.This item was recovered from the wreck of SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania.
This item was found with an unidentified object, possibly part of a watch chain (MAS-D100192).CURRENCY3939184718471134/183MAS2018-06-21T00:00:00ZCOIN883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 26With finder2018-06-21T19:59:24Z2020-03-26T13:23:29Z16.721912712353410215PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR102650.9950660.99125136streamers.tanked.swan10MAS MASMASGold10892Copper10626StampedCompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving191_191_IMG_01.jpg462images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-26T13:23:29.684Zfinds-192192MAS-D100192PERSONAL ACCESSORYNINETEENTH CENTURYOne gold T piece to believe part of a watch chain. These pieces were used to fasten the watch chain to an item of clothing, most often a wasitcoat. The T piece has a rounded embossing in the centre of the strip, with a small ring attached at this point for attaching the piece to a chain. The right end of the piece has a single ringed pattern shortly before terminating in a straight clean end. The left side of the piece has steps from the thicker piece to a thinner section extruding out a short distance. Given the date of sinking of the vessel from which it was recovered this item can reliably be dated to the middle of the 19th century. All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania.
This item was found with a nineteenth century coin (MAS-D100191).DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES393918781134/183MAS2018-06-21T00:00:00ZWATCH883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 26With finder2018-06-21T19:59:25Z2020-03-26T13:22:58Z192150115PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR102650.9950660.99125136streamers.tanked.swan10MAS MASMASYellow metalFragmentNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving192_192_IMG_01.jpg464images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-26T13:22:58.721Zfinds-190190MAS-D100190CONTAINERSPOST MEDIEVALThis find is a figurine measuring 145 mm in length with a diameter of 65mm. It depicts a man wearing a three cornered hat with holes in its top. In consultation with Wessex Archaeology finds specialist, Lorraine Mepham, this item has been identified as a 19th century Toby jug pepper pot figure, probably dating to around 1840 - 1860. For some unknown reason the figurine has lost most of its colour, as it's more usual to see these figures with different coloured clothing to go with the blue jacket. Research has found that these are commonly known as "Staffordshire" Toby pepper pots and that the figure is actually holding a mug of ale. It should have a hole in the bottom where the cork would have been placed once filled. As this figure was found in isolation, it is not clear whether it was part of the sunken vessel's cargo, a posession of the crew/passengers, a mess item, or an object discarded/lost over an earlier wreck site by chance.This item was found with engine part (MAS-D100193).Container39391118/183MAS2018-06-03T00:00:00ZFOOD SERVING CONTAINERWith finder2018-06-21T15:58:31Z2020-03-26T13:11:07Z19065145152115PAS5C503E21001138PAS5E4D4FFA001DA522625East SussexTV768950.674056230.48951592undersigned.participation.rapidity10MAS MASMASCeramic10539IncompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving190_190_IMG_01.JPG467images/MASJoaquin Callejo Gomez2020-03-26T13:11:07.795Zfinds-193193MAS-D100193ENGINENINETEENTH CENTURYUnidentified non-ferrous object that probably represents part of a ships engine or fixtures and fittings. It appears constructed from a copper alloy, measuring approximately 114 mm by 102 mm, being 52 mm in thickness. The open face of the item exhibits a circular central lug or axle measuring c. 38 mm in diameter, which extends c. 25 mm from the solid rear face. The open face bears a circular aperture, comprising approximately 270 degrees, which flairs out towards the outer edges of the object meeting the top left hand corner on the left side and meeting the edge on the right hand side approximately 25 mm from the upper edge. This circular aperture, with the lug at its centre, has a diameter of c. 95 mm. The interior of the object is not recessed beneath the edges of the aperture and therefore forms a a solid shape between the solid and open faces, conforming to the circumference of the aperture. The solid face, presumably forming the rear of the object, is approximately 6 mm thick. The outline of what may be a screw hole for affixing is visible 3 - 4 mm from the top edge just to right of centre on the solid face. The object has 3 closed and one open side, where the circular aperture flairs outwards. Of the closed sides two are straight, running at right angles to the opens side, with the remaining closed side opposite the open side being slightly curved. This slightly more aesthetically pleasing element may indicate that this is in fact the top edge of the object.
The intended function of the item is not immediately apparent, though clearly something is intended to either run through the object or pivot around the central lug. Though no firm identification has been established the suggested functions include a bearing case, a rail mount, a hinge pivot or a cable relay.This item was found with pepper pot (MAS-D100190).TRANSPORT3941118/183MAS2018-06-03T00:00:00ZVESSEL COMPONENTWith finder2018-06-21T20:58:32Z2020-03-26T13:10:03Z1021935111417415PAS5C5037EF001C0322625East SussexTV768950.674056230.48951592undersigned.participation.rapidity10MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627CompleteNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDiving193_193_IMG_01.JPG465images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T13:10:03.103Zfinds-196196MAS-D100196CLAY PIPE (SMOKING)NINETEENTH CENTURYFive small smoking pipes that are complete, four small smoking pipes that are broken, one large smoking pipe that is complete, six large smoking pipe that are broken. The pipes are mainly derived from two different styles: the long-stemmed style and the short-stemmed. The longer-stemmed bears no decoration or cartouche, along with absence of heel. The bowl is large, owing perhaps to the fall in tobacco prices in the 19th century and would have most likely been a cheap item.
The shorter-stemmed pipes display ornate decoration on the bowl, in the form of a hatted head, and are made from darker clay. The bowls are at a sharper angle to stem, nearly 90 degrees in most cases. The male head on five of the pipes have previously thought to represent a military figures or the head of a French soldier. They fall into a group of more elaborate decorative pipes with bowls moulded in the form of human heads and animals, common in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Such decorative pipes would have been commonly exported and it is believed that all of these pipes represent a vessels cargo.All of these items were recovered from the wreck Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.
This item was found with six gin bottles (MAS-D100197) and fragments of a porcelain cup (MAS-D100198).DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES39391136/183MAS2018-06-24T00:00:00ZPipe (smoking)901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108; TR 45 NE 256; TR 34 SE 112With finder2018-07-04T07:59:40Z2020-03-26T13:03:48Z19616194115PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASEarthenwareCompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving196_IMG_6641.JPG500images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-26T13:03:48.967Zfinds-197197MAS-D100197BOTTLEPOST MEDIEVALSix glass gin bottles. 'Case gin' or 'taper gin' bottles have a square cross section that means that packing became more effective than with round bottles. The bodies taper wider towards a sharp shoulder, short neck and a champagne finish. The bottles are olive green in colour, and are in a fair condition despite encrusting towards the neck. This shape and style of bottle originated in and was commonly made in Europe at least as early as the mid-17th century. These examples do not exhibit the bevelled corners generally seen on bottles of the 1860s or later and may therefore be earlier 19th century (https://sha.org/bottle/liquor.htm#CaseGinbottles accessed January 2019).All of these items were recovered from the wreck Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.
This item was found with 16 clay pipes (MAS-D100196) and fragments of a porcelain cup (MAS-D100198).Container36391136/183MAS2018-06-24T00:00:00ZFood and liquid storage container901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108; TR 45 NE 256; TR 34 SE 112With finder2018-07-04T07:59:41Z2020-03-26T13:02:52Z1976184115PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteFairPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving196_IMG_6647.JPG501images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T13:02:52.819Zfinds-198198MAS-D100198CUPNINETEENTH CENTURYFind consists of a fragment of a porcelain cup, representing about 1/4 - 1/3 of the total vessel including a complete base bearing a backstamp of BRYONIA U & C. Though only partially surviving, what remains is in fair condition with evidence of slight encrustation around the base. No scale was provided, however, other examples of this pattern and manufacturer have a diameter of c. 75 mm. The U & C inscription refers to Utzschneider & Co, a company based originally in Sarreguemines, North East France. This region was previously part of Alsace-Lorraine and therefore the manufacture of this vessel would have likely have been in Germany. The company name existed between 1800 and 1919 and therefore this vessel likely dates to the later part of this period due to the date the ship from which it was recovered sank. The pattern on the cup is known as Black Mulberry Bryonia Pattern, to which the BRYONIA inscription refers.All of these items were recovered from the wreck Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.
This item was found with 16 clay pipes (MAS-D100196) and six gin bottles (MAS-D100197).FOOD PREPARATON AND CONSUMPTION39411180019081136/183MAS2018-06-24T00:00:00ZDrinking vessel901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108; TR 45 NE 256; TR 34 SE 112With finder2018-07-04T07:59:42Z2020-03-26T13:02:14Z19875151315PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASCeramic10539FragmentPoorNINETEENTH CENTURYEarlyMODERNDiving196_IMG_6645.JPG499images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T13:02:14.084Zfinds-207207MAS-D100207BOTTLEPOST MEDIEVALLong necked glass bottle in clear or aqua marine glass. Overall height of 210 mm from base to finish, the height of body from base to shoulder being 120 mm. The finish being of the applied style, bearing a ring of glass approximately 15 mm wide over a further ring extending a further 5-10 mm down the neck. The base of the vessels exhibits a slightly concave punt <10 mm deep. In profile the body appears to be of a flattened hexagon shape, approximately 70 mm wide. the largest pane of the hexagonal shape being 45 mm across. The contraction from body to neck is severe, narrowing to 30 mm in only 10 mm of height, the contraction being convex in shape. The exterior of the neck is 30 mm wide at its base, tapering to 20 mm where it meets the finish. the finish being approximately 25 - 30 mm across. The body bears the inscription of C & B embosed near the base of the largest pane of the hexagon. The intended use of the vessel is unclear, being of a fairly unique design, and may relate to medicinal products or possibly the bottling of gin. No exact details of the company or product to which the logo C & B relates can be ascertained at this time. As it was found with mid to late 19th century finds, it implies a probable date of this period. The verall condition is good as the vessel is complete, though there is soe evidence of encrustation along one side of the body.This item was found with a tobacco pipe (MAS-D100205) and four stonewear bottles (MAS-D100206). These items were recovered from an undesignated wreck known locally as the Mindoro, though no records are available online relating to such a wreck.39411240/183MAS2018-08-28T00:00:00ZN/AWith finder2018-08-29T08:50:59Z2020-03-26T12:54:29Z210207701184215PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR353551.06620131.35272976recharges.vehicles.unmarked10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving207_IMG01.jpg536images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T12:54:29.295Z