{ "meta":{ "currentPage":1, "totalResults":15, "resultsPerPage":10 }, "results":[ { "findIdentifier":"finds-234", "id":234, "old_findID":"MAS-O100234", "objecttype":"BARREL", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"This find comprises of the remains of three to four wooden barrels, which were buried in the intertidal sandy substrate of a pleasure beach. The action of the tide revealed the barrels and it is unclear how much of the barrels remain. End of the staves, lengths of timber making the sides of the barrel, are visible and clearly degraded. In some cases these give the appearance of flaring outwards, implying that only the lower portion of the barrel remains. At least one barrel exhibits inwardly projecting staves, suggesting more than half of the barrel remains. There is some evidence for the remains of posts protruding from the barrels which otherwise give the appearance of having been filled with sand and stone.\n\nThe term cask is also used to describe barrels specifically intended for the storage of liquid, most commonly alcohol such as wine and beer. It has not been possible at this stage to ascertain the exact size and type of the barrels comprising this find, though it is estimated that they are of a small to medium size such as a Rundlet or Tierce. What the barrels were originally used for is not readily discernible, though it does appear that they have been repurposed for another function. The presence of posts within the barrels and their relative positions, laid out in a rough rectangle, suggests they used to accommodate foundation posts of a possible structure. This may have been a simple platform for bathers or anglers or something more complex such as a temporary jetty or pontoon. An image, submitted by the finder, dating to the 1850s shows structures in approximately the same position as the barrels, which may indicate the structure previously supported by the barrels. Alternatively they may relate someway to the practicing for the D-Day Landings in Normandy, which incorporated the beach and construction of landing pontoons. It has not been possible to firmly date this find from the available data, but given their condition and the preservation of the timber elements a more recent, post-medieval, date is tentatively suggested.", "notes":"Barrels have been in use since at least the time of the Roman Republic, with evidence suggesting their use from 350 BC or earlier (https:\/\/www.riverdrive.co\/history-of-barrels\/ accessed March 2020). Their suitability as water tight containers meant that, until the 20th century, they were essential for the transport and storage of food stuffs, water and alcohol. The whiskey distilling industry still uses traditional oak barrels extensively in the ageing process. The term barrel itself is a general term and there are many different types of barrel, determined by size, such as a firkin (c. 30 litres) and a tun (c. 954 litres). ", "classification":"Container", "periodFrom":21, "periodTo":41, "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2018-09-27T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"Storage container. Food and liquid storage container", "currentLocation":"Site", "created":"2018-10-15T09:58:04Z", "updated":"2020-03-30T14:21:28Z", "secuid":"234", "quantity":4, "material":14, "secondaryMaterial":8, "completeness":2, "manufacture":8, "preservation":3, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS5C5037EF001C03", "createdBy":2, "countyID":50003, "county":"Down", "fourFigure":"NW6536", "fourFigureLat":54.66413092, "fourFigureLon":-5.64553486, "what3words":"soils.bike.luck", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "secondaryMaterialTerm":"Iron", "secondaryMaterialBM":11019, "manufactureTerm":"Hand made", "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "preservationTerm":"Poor", "periodFromName":"ROMAN", "periodFromBM":"x41218", "periodToName":"MODERN", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "filename":"234_20180927_192948.jpg", "thumbnail":604, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"PT", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:17:10.274Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-203", "id":203, "old_findID":"MAS-O100203", "objecttype":"HANDAXE", "broadperiod":"PALAEOLITHIC", "description":"Images of this find were sent to Andrew Shaw, flint specialist at Wessex Archaeology who determined that this object is an ovate biface handaxe that is in mint condition. This example is approximately 50-60 mm in width and 80-100 mm in long-axis. He said that the form of the butt and lateral margins are reminiscent of late Middle Palaeolithic handaxes, and it's possible that deposits of that age may be found in the intertidal and offshore zone in. Based on the images alone, he said that it's possibly a late Middle Palaeolithic handaxe dating from between 60,000 to 30,000 years ago. Handaxes are the longest used tools in human history, used for cutting, digging and hunting. This artefact exhibits bilateral symmetry with a pointed tip and rounded base.", "classification":"Tools and equipment", "periodFrom":2, "periodTo":2, "fromsubperiod":2, "tosubperiod":3, "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2018-08-03T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"cutting equipment", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2018-08-03T09:16:59Z", "updated":"2020-03-31T12:40:46Z", "secuid":"203", "width":60, "length":100, "quantity":1, "material":10, "completeness":4, "manufacture":4, "preservation":2, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS5C50379B001E6C", "identifierID":"PAS5DE8F5A5001062", "createdBy":2, "countyID":37254, "county":"City of Portsmouth", "fourFigure":"SU6700", "fourFigureLat":50.79570064, "fourFigureLon":-1.05072543, "what3words":"middle.token.fields", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Flint", "primaryMaterialBM":10837, "manufactureTerm":"Knapped\/flaked", "completenessTerm":"Complete", "preservationTerm":"Good", "periodFromName":"PALAEOLITHIC", "periodFromBM":"x14387", "subperiodFrom":"Middle", "subperiodTo":"Late", "periodToName":"PALAEOLITHIC", "periodToBM":"x14387", "broadperiodBM":"x14387", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "filename":"203_IMG_1340Copy.JPG", "thumbnail":526, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"Robbie Trevelyan", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:17:02.198Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-169", "id":169, "old_findID":"MAS-O100169", "objecttype":"KNIFE", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"Double edged blade covered with concretions, around 25 mm wide and 280 mm long. Displays iron oxidation, and the item has not been preserved well. The blade is roughly 200 mm long and the thicker handle is approximately 80 mm long.\n\nFollowing consultation with Henry Yallop of The Royal Armouries museum, this object can only be discribed as roughly the shape of a common blade form , i.e. roughly lenticular, and about 25 mm broad. What is not clear is whether it was once the complete blade, or that this is part of one, or alternatively that it was the part of another forged object, and only appears to be blade like.", "classification":"Tools and equipment", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":41, "TID":"026\/18", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-10-15T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"cutting equipment", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2018-01-20T18:52:51Z", "updated":"2020-03-26T16:22:12Z", "secuid":"169", "thickness":0, "width":25, "length":270, "quantity":1, "material":8, "completeness":2, "preservation":7, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS5C50379B001E6C", "createdBy":2, "countyID":25469, "county":"Isle of Wight", "fourFigure":"SZ4280", "fourFigureLat":50.61820269, "fourFigureLon":-1.40768541, "what3words":"blesses.recline.numeral", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Iron", "primaryMaterialBM":11019, "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "preservationTerm":"Concreted", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"MODERN", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "filename":"169_20180205_150952.jpg", "thumbnail":409, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"Robbie Trevelyan", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:52.989Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-99", "id":99, "old_findID":"MAS-O100099", "objecttype":"HANDAXE", "broadperiod":"PALAEOLITHIC", "description":"Heavily sea-rolled and worn worked flint tool, covered in chalk patination (see third image). The flint measures 80 mm long, 60 mm wide and 30 mm thick, and unfortunately about 20% of the working end has recently broken off. Due to wear and damage on this hand-worked tool it has been difficult to confidently identify. Bryan Popple of Bournemouth Natural Science Society and Museum believes it could possibly be Homo neanderthalensis dating to around 200,000 years bp (before present). The smaller size indicates typical Neanderthal workings in comparison to the larger and older Homo heidelbergensis handaxe previously reported as MAS-100062. The attached images shows both handaxes for comparison. The possible Neanderthal tool is the smaller darker tool. Matt Leivers, an in-house flint specialist at Wessex Archaeology was unsure whether the flint was a handaxe and would need to visually inspect the object in order to be certain.", "notes":"This item was found with a large handaxe (MAS-O100062).", "classification":"TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT", "periodFrom":2, "periodTo":2, "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-07-17T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"CUTTING EQUIPMENT", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-05T22:49:25Z", "updated":"2018-05-23T14:00:54Z", "secuid":"99", "thickness":30, "width":60, "length":80, "quantity":1, "material":10, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":2, "preservation":2, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS5989C577001EA7", "identifierID":"PAS5ACF2C1A00167D", "createdBy":2, "countyID":17765, "county":"Hampshire", "fourFigure":"SZ2293", "fourFigureLat":50.73620009, "fourFigureLon":-1.68961218, "what3words":"work.decompose.fish", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Flint", "primaryMaterialBM":10837, "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "preservationTerm":"Good", "periodFromName":"PALAEOLITHIC", "periodFromBM":"x14387", "periodToName":"PALAEOLITHIC", "periodToBM":"x14387", "broadperiodBM":"x14387", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"_20170718_183454.JPG", "thumbnail":183, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"LR", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:28.598Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-62", "id":62, "old_findID":"MAS-O100062", "objecttype":"HANDAXE", "broadperiod":"PALAEOLITHIC", "description":"Lower Palaeolithic ovate handaxe dating to around 250,000 years bp (before present). Patina evident on its surface indicates that the tool has been deposited in chalk, therefore it probably originated offshore and was washed onshore (rather than eroded from terrestrial river terraces). This identification was made by Bryan Popple of Bournemouth Natural Science Society and Museum. Matt Leivers, an in-house specialist at Wessex Archaeology believes it is a very rolled and abraded Lower Palaeolithic handaxe that has clearly been around on the seabed for a considerable period of time.", "notes":"This item was found with a smaller handaxe (MAS-O100099).", "classification":"TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT", "periodFrom":2, "periodTo":2, "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-06-18T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"CUTTING EQUIPMENT", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-06-30T10:43:04Z", "updated":"2018-05-23T14:01:47Z", "secuid":"62", "quantity":1, "material":10, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "preservation":1, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS5989C577001EA7", "identifierID":"PAS5ACF2C1A00167D", "createdBy":2, "countyID":17765, "county":"Hampshire", "fourFigure":"SZ2293", "fourFigureLat":50.73620009, "fourFigureLon":-1.68961218, "what3words":"work.decompose.fish", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Flint", "primaryMaterialBM":10837, "completenessTerm":"Complete", "preservationTerm":"Fair", "periodFromName":"PALAEOLITHIC", "periodFromBM":"x14387", "periodToName":"PALAEOLITHIC", "periodToBM":"x14387", "broadperiodBM":"x14387", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"IMG_20170620_120402.jpg", "thumbnail":170, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"LR", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:18.898Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-31", "id":31, "old_findID":"MAS-O100031", "objecttype":"TIMBER", "broadperiod":"MODERN", "description":"Possible ships timber or part of other marine or land based structure. Truncated rounded timber with hole and evidence of mounting plate for furniture, broken or rotted off at one end exposing heart wood and a knot in the wood. Approximately 2000 mm long and 600 mm in diameter. The undamaged half of the timber appears in good condition, implying a more recent date for the timber, whereas the other part appears to have suffered extensive degradation. The arrangement of damage to the timber suggests it may have been partially submerged during its useful life, possibly as part of a shore based instalment such as a jetty or quay.", "classification":"Timber", "periodFrom":29, "periodTo":41, "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-03-09T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"Unclassified worked timber", "created":"2017-03-09T16:32:49Z", "updated":"2020-02-21T11:57:28Z", "secuid":"31", "diameter":600, "length":2000, "quantity":1, "material":14, "completeness":2, "preservation":3, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS5C5037EF001C03", "createdBy":2, "countyID":17765, "county":"Hampshire", "fourFigure":"SZ6998", "fourFigureLat":50.77748385, "fourFigureLon":-1.0227273, "what3words":"minute.catch.muddy", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "preservationTerm":"Poor", "periodFromName":"MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x14221", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "filename":"IMG_2450.JPG", "thumbnail":92, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"PT", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:10.753Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-30", "id":30, "old_findID":"MAS-O100030", "objecttype":"CANNON BALL", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"Spherical ball composed of sandstone or igneous rock such as granite. The shot measures 50 mm in circumference and would date to the post medieval period.\n\nStone shot was carved by hand using chisels and picks, often being finished once on board a vessel. The use of stone was phased out around the 1630s when iron became a more favourable choice for shot.", "classification":"ARMOUR AND WEAPONS", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":36, "treasure":1, "TID":"035\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2016-10-29T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"AMMUNITION", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-03-07T10:37:59Z", "updated":"2017-08-15T10:45:03Z", "secuid":"30", "diameter":50, "quantity":1, "material":2, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "manufacture":8, "preservation":1, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS59897C8A001BBB", "createdBy":2, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Stone", "primaryMaterialBM":11794, "manufactureTerm":"Hand made", "completenessTerm":"Complete", "preservationTerm":"Fair", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodToBM":"x41047", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"CannonballKarengwawremailadd.jpg", "thumbnail":91, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:10.485Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-26", "id":26, "old_findID":"MAS-O100026", "objecttype":"SHIPS TIMBER", "broadperiod":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "description":"Two fragments of waterlogged wood with two copper fasteners dating from the post-medieval period onwards.\n\nThe wood may be the remains of two planks of wood used in the construction of a ship as the planks are secured with one copper fastening and a hole is visible where another fastening may have also been used. Copper rivets are the standard method of fastening the planks to each other in clinker constructed vessels, or in the planks to the ribs or frames (Traditional Maritime Skills website, accessed September 2017). Clinker is a method of constructing the hull of a boat by fixing wooden planks so that the planks overlap along their edges. The overlapping joint is called a land. If the plank is too short for the hull, it would be necessary to extend the plank by joining with another piece of wood. Planks are also known as strakes (rubbing strake for example) so this method is also known as lapstrake. It is a very traditional method of ship construction.\n\nMetallic fastenings followed on from tree nails (also commonly known as trunnels and trennels), which were an older method of securing two planks together using wooden 'nails'.", "classification":"TRANSPORT", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"008\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-01-28T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"VESSEL COMPONENT", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-01-28T22:05:37Z", "updated":"2018-05-22T15:29:15Z", "secuid":"26", "quantity":2, "material":14, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS5989C577001EA7", "identifierID":"PAS5989C577001EA7", "createdBy":2, "countyID":22028, "county":"North Yorkshire", "fourFigure":"NZ6721", "fourFigureLat":54.57977665, "fourFigureLon":-0.96494213, "what3words":"trek.amazed.stated", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"IMG_0877.JPG", "thumbnail":83, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"LR", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:09.369Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-17", "id":17, "old_findID":"MAS-100017", "objecttype":"MAMMAL REMAINS", "broadperiod":"UNKNOWN", "description":"This cattle mandible, or lower jaw, is comprised of two incomplete sections; cattle mandibles are rarely encountered in the archaeological record as conjoined pairs (Zhang et al. 2013). The smaller piece is an incomplete section featuring both pre-molars and molars. The larger piece is fairly complete, with the exception of teeth, extending all the way to the part in which the incisors and canines would be located. This front section is separated from the molar and pre-molar root holes by the diastema.\n\nProviding a relative date for this cattle mandible is challenging without further examination.", "notes":"Cattle are arguably the most important species of livestock - providing products such as meat, milk and leather; and strength for agricultural tasks (e.g. ploughing) (Zhang et al. 2013). The domestication of cattle (Bos spp) is generally accepted to have occurred around 10,500 years ago in the Near East (Zhang et al. 2013). Cattle dentition is an important archaeological signature of ancient cattle husbandry, as dentition varies between individual cattle due to genetics, diet and the geographical location in which they were raised. The age of an animal at death can also be determined by the stage of dental development and the wear of the mandibular teeth (McGrory et al. 2012: 3224).", "classification":"Ecofacts", "periodFrom":29, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2016-10-17T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"Vertebrate remains", "currentLocation":"In situ", "created":"2016-10-18T08:58:44Z", "updated":"2017-01-16T15:01:10Z", "secuid":"17", "quantity":2, "material":15, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":2, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS57BC1B67001A23", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "countyID":19687, "county":"Essex", "fourFigure":"TQ8182", "fourFigureLat":51.50793861, "fourFigureLon":0.60677648, "what3words":"workroom.fragments.went", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Animal skeletal material", "primaryMaterialBM":10232, "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "periodFromName":"MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x14221", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"IMG_20161016_080811389.jpg", "thumbnail":64, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"MF", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:06.973Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-16", "id":16, "old_findID":"MAS-100016", "objecttype":"UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"This assemblage of metal objects includes an iron handle possibly inscribed with letters; a lead sailmakers palm guard; a bronze scribe; a small gun powder measure; a cup; and what are possibly a musket ball and a rivet; along with several other metal objects of unknown function. All the items appear to be post medieval in date. It is thought that these finds are either being washed into the area from another location or are being exposed by erosion, as each visit to the location reveals more objects.", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"038\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2016-10-16T00:00:00Z", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2016-10-17T10:36:11Z", "updated":"2017-08-15T10:49:03Z", "secuid":"16", "quantity":17, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":3, "discovery":5, "recorderID":"PAS57BC1B67001A23", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "countyID":19687, "county":"Essex", "fourFigure":"TQ8182", "fourFigureLat":51.50793861, "fourFigureLon":0.60677648, "what3words":"workroom.fragments.went", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "completenessTerm":"Uncertain", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"MODERN", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Coastal walking", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"MAS100016b.jpg", "thumbnail":56, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"MF", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:06.736Z" } ], "facets":{ "objectType":{ "HANDAXE":3, "MAMMAL REMAINS":2, "BARREL":1, "CANNON BALL":1, "FOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER":1, "KNIFE":1, "LANDING CRAFT INFANTRY":1, "SHIPS TIMBER":1, "SHOT":1, "SPOON":1, "TIMBER":1, "UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT":1 }, "county":{ "Essex":4, "Hampshire":3, "City of Portsmouth":1, "Devon":1, "Down":1, "Isle of Wight":1, "North Yorkshire":1, "Northumberland":1, "Suffolk":1 }, "broadperiod":{ "POST MEDIEVAL":5, "MODERN":3, "PALAEOLITHIC":3, "UNKNOWN":2, "NINETEENTH CENTURY":1, "ROMAN":1 }, "institution":{ "MAS":15 }, "rulerName":[ ], "denominationName":[ ], "mintName":[ ], "materialTerm":{ "Wood":4, "Flint":3, "Animal skeletal material":2, "Iron":2, "Ceramic":1, "Copper alloy":1, "Stone":1 }, "workflow":{ "3":15 }, "reeceID":[ ] } }