2026-09-11T00:30:28+01:00https://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/jsonhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/xmlhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/rsshttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/atomhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/kmlhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/geojsonhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/qrcodehttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results112120finds-128128MAS-D100128HINGENINETEENTH CENTURYThis record refers to the metal hinge and attached timber shown in the top left corner of image one, the other finds are dealt with under separate records. The object is approximately 305 mm in overall length and 204 mm in overall width. For the hinge element of the object only one leaf can be observed from the photo, which measures approximately 64 mm by 127 mm. Given the leaves are likely to be identical in size, this would suggest the overall width is approximately 127 mm making a regular square when fully opened. The metal of the hinge is in generally good condition, with some blue/green discolouration suggestive of a copper alloy such as brass. The hinge is of a common type known as a butt hinge, with five interlocking knuckles secured through the centre by a pin or pen. The visible leaf bears five holes for affixing the hinge, and it is likely the obscured side bears a similar number. The number of fixing holes suggests a heavy duty use for the hinge, such as a door, rather than use in lighter items such as furniture. The wooden elements of the hinge are highly degraded and encrusted with barnacles, its function is therefore undiscernible. There does appear to be an element of beading or a baton in wood, immediately attached to the hinge leaf. Protruding from beneath the beading and running away from the hinge is a section of wood with apparently parallel edges, approximately 89 mm wide, that although heavily damaged may represent a narrow plank. This suggests that the moving element of the object, such as a door or hatch, was attached to the obscured leaf, with the other attached to the stationary element such as a door frame. Butt hinges were manufactured from around 1850 and are one of the most common forms of hinge in use today.These items were found with two bowls (MAS-D100127), two bottles (MAS-D100129), one mug (MAS-D100130), and one copper lid (MAS-D100150).Fixing39411312/173MAS2017-09-30T00:00:00ZWith finder2017-10-09T15:46:29Z2020-04-22T18:03:01Z128204305171428215PAS5C5037EF001C03PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627Wood11988IncompleteNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck128_allmaterial.JPG754images/MASPT2024-10-09T14:16:42.43Zfinds-173173MAS-D100173CLOCKNINETEENTH CENTURYThis record refers to the clock parts recovered as part of a group of finds. The finder described the items as 6 clock parts, the square glass from the clock face and the copper clock face from a grandfather clock, which suggests these finds represent parts of two separate clocks. Three of the clock parts, manufactured in a copper alloy, are circular and bear teeth around their circumference indicating they are part of the clockwork mechanism. Two other parts, also in copper alloy, are circular but without evidence of teeth. One has three screw holes arranged around a central circular aperture and a ridge running around its circumference. The verdigris corrosion on this item only affects one half of the object, suggesting that it has been partially protected whilst on the seabed. The remaining item is considerably more corroded, though it still appears to be made from a copper alloy. It comprises a hollow circle with a band dividing the central aperture in equal halves, opposite the end of this band are two circular fixing points with screw holes attached to the outside central circular element. The central band has a square hole in its centre, which is unlikely to be much more than 5 mm across. There is an additional element that obscures the upper half of the central circular element which cannot be accurately described from the object. The sixth clock part described by the finder is a flat copper alloy plate with a minimum of 18 holes drilled into it in addition to two square, one rectangular and one open rectangular aperture/s. At the top of the item is what appears to be a latch or clip. This object appears to be part of the mounting for the mechanism, and several of the drilled holes bear the shadows of where bolts and screws would have been attached. Most notably though is the inscription S Thomas, Thomaston C, US which can be observed. This refers to the manufacturer of the time piece, the Seth Thomas Clock Company, details of which are described in the next section. A square piece of glass is described by the finder as being the clock face associated with the clock parts described above. Consultation online with examples of clocks manufactured by S Thomas support this use for the glass, as some of their models do have square faces. The final object relating to clocks is a large oval ring of copper alloy which is described by the finder as the clock face from a grandfather clock. Its size, in comparison to the glass face, would certainly suggest it is from a different larger time piece. To the bottom right of the photograph it is possible to observe a hinge on the outside of the ring, whilst diametrically opposite a possible catch can be seen. These features suggest an opening element, presumably holding an oval glass clock face, may have attached to the recovered item. No other diagnostic features are immediately apparent from the photo provided.All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Pomerania, a German ocean liner steamer built in 1873 by J. Caird & Co., in Greenock. This vessel was one of many owned by the Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG); a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg in 1847 that transported hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Germany, Scandinavia, and eastern Europe to the United States, Canada, Latin America, and other destinations around the world. The ship sank in 1878, 5 miles SE of Folkestone whilst carrying 109 passengers and 111 crew en route from New York to Cherbourg and Hamburg, last from Plymouth, following a collision with Welsh barque Moel Eilian and resulting in the loss of 55 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Pomerania. Seth Thomas Clock Company - One of the clock pieces identified from this find bears the inscription S Thomas, Thomaston C, US. Seth Thomas (1785-1859) was a clock maker from Plymouth Hollow, Connecticut, USA. He began making clocks at his site in 1814 and established the company in 1853, which was passed to his sons and continued as a family business into the 20th century. In 1931 the company became a subsidiary of the General Time Instruments Corporation and eventually passed from family control, General Time announced its closure in 2001. Shortly after the death of the company's founder in 1865, the town of Plymouth Hollow was renamed Thomaston in his honour. This then firmly dates the manufacture of this clock to between 1865 and 1878 when the Pomerania sank. (http://www.nationalclockrepair.com/Seth_Thomas_Clock_History.php accessed January 2020). These items were found with a spoon/fork handle (MAS-D100174), a decorative lead object (MAS-D100146) and crockery fragments ( MAS-D100138).S THOMAS/THOMASTON C/USMEASUREMENT393923186518781320/173MAS2018-03-26T00:00:00ZAn instrument used to measure the passing of time.883110Kent HER Number: TR 33 SW 26With finder2018-05-02T10:10:08Z2020-04-09T12:32:54Z173172315PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR232951.017114981.17805502devoting.snowstorm.sobbing10MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627IncompletePoorNINETEENTH CENTURYMiddleLateNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving173_IMG_6351.jpg434images/MASPT2024-10-09T14:16:54.082Zfinds-231231MAS-D100231BOTTLEPOST MEDIEVALBrown ceramic bottle with a glazed surface. It was intended to contain gin of Dutch origin. The bottle measures 310 mm long and has a diameter of 85 mm with a ring type handle on the neck of the bottle. The bottle is printed with the phrase 'WYNAND FOCKINK' 'AMSTERDAM'. In Amsterdam, Wynand Focknik has been making distinctive hand-crafted liqueurs and jenevers (Dutch gin) since 1679 (Greenberg 2012). In the 17th century, when the Dutch East Indiaman ships brought herbs, spices and sugar to Amsterdam, distillers started distilling liqueurs on a large scale. The city had become very prosperous and liqueur, contrary to beer and genever, was an expensive drink which only the rich could afford to drink on a regular basis. When in 1724 Wynand Fockink acquired the distillery and the bar in the Pijlsteeg dating back to 1679, Amsterdam was still a rich and prosperous city with a thriving liqueur industry. Under Wynand Fockink and his descendants, the liqueur distillery became one of the largest Dutch distilleries. By the end of the 18th century the company owned six large premises on the Oudezijds Voorburgwal and another six in the Pijlsteeg. In the first decade of the 19th century the company expanded through export as well which could explain why these bottles were found on a vessel bound for Bombay. By the 19th century, Wynand Fockink owned trading houses in Berlin, Vienna, Brussels and Paris and between 1815 and 1860, France was one of the largest liqueur customers. The Wynand Fockink distillery in Amsterdam is still open today (http://wynand-fockink.nl/tasting-tavern/history).This item was found with four ceramic bowls (MAS-D100229), three glass bottles (MAS-D100230) and four stoneware ink bottles (MAS-D100232). All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Strathclyde, a British trading steamship built in 1871 in Blackwood, Port Glasgow. The ship sank in 1876 off Dover whilst carrying 23 passengers and 47 crew for Bombay, following a collision with Franconia and resulting in the loss of 38 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Strathclyde.´WYNAND FOCKINK´´AMSTERDAM´Container363923291/1813MAS2018-09-17T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage container813607Kent HER: TR 33 NW 232018-10-02T08:20:09Z2020-04-08T08:26:12Z31023185154381613PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR343851.093539951.34042371fatigue.paddles.woodland10MAS MASMASCeramic10539OtherHand madeStampedCompletePOST MEDIEVALx41047MiddleLateNINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Unknown229_largestonebottle_1.jpg596images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2024-10-09T14:17:09.491Zfinds-230230MAS-D100230BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYThree bottles of blown glass. The frst two bottles are torpedo or Hamilton´s type bottle (Hamilton introduced this type of blow molding) from the mid-nineteenth century dedicated to containing carbonated water or 'soda'. Both are light blue/green 'aqua' glass and measure 250 mm long and have a diameter of 75 mm with a 'bottom-weighted' blob finish. The inscription "Aerated Water" "Bombay" makes reference to the content and place of distribution, something that manufacturers of this type of packaging commonly did. The design ensured that the bottles would be stored on their side, keeping the cork in contact with the liquid and thereby preventing it from drying out and allowing the gas to escape. The third of the bottles is a small light blue/green 'aqua' glass container, hexagonal in shape and measuring 75 mm in high by 45 mm in diameter. This would probably be a small ink bottle. This style of bottle was very popular around the middle of the 19th century from around 1835 to 1865 (Covill 1971). These items were found with four ceramic bowls (MAS-D100229), one stoneware bottle (MAS-D100231) and four stoneware ink bottles (MAS-D100232). All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Strathclyde, a British trading steamship built in 1871 in Blackwood, Port Glasgow. The ship sank in 1876 off Dover whilst carrying 23 passengers and 47 crew for Bombay, following a collision with Franconia and resulting in the loss of 38 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Strathclyde."AERATED WATER" "BOMBAY"Container39391118351876291/183MAS2018-09-17T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage container813607Kent HER: TR 33 NW 232018-10-02T08:20:08Z2020-04-01T09:06:10Z25023075318214115PAS5C50379B001E6C218210KentTR343851.093539951.34042371fatigue.paddles.woodland10MAS MASMASGlass10879BlownIncompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYEarlyEarlyNINETEENTH CENTURYDiving229_glasstopedobottle.jpg594images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2024-10-09T14:17:09.259Zfinds-203203MAS-O100203HANDAXEPALAEOLITHICImages of this find were sent to Andrew Shaw, flint specialist at Wessex Archaeology who determined that this object is an ovate biface handaxe that is in mint condition. This example is approximately 50-60 mm in width and 80-100 mm in long-axis. He said that the form of the butt and lateral margins are reminiscent of late Middle Palaeolithic handaxes, and it's possible that deposits of that age may be found in the intertidal and offshore zone in. Based on the images alone, he said that it's possibly a late Middle Palaeolithic handaxe dating from between 60,000 to 30,000 years ago. Handaxes are the longest used tools in human history, used for cutting, digging and hunting. This artefact exhibits bilateral symmetry with a pointed tip and rounded base.Tools and equipment22233MAS2018-08-03T00:00:00Zcutting equipmentWith finder2018-08-03T09:16:59Z2020-03-31T12:40:46Z203601001104425PAS5C50379B001E6CPAS5DE8F5A5001062237254City of PortsmouthSU670050.79570064-1.05072543middle.token.fields10MAS MASMASFlint10837Knapped/flakedCompleteGoodPALAEOLITHICx14387MiddleLatePALAEOLITHICx14387x14387Coastal walking203_IMG_1340Copy.JPG526images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2024-10-09T14:17:02.198Zfinds-189189MAS-O100189NAILPOST MEDIEVALThe find consists of 8 iron nails and an unidentifiable object that contains one further nail and is made of, or covered in, what appears to be fur. The nails range in length from 135 - 175 mm, and c. 10 - 20 mm in width at their widest point below the head. All 8 nails have a rose type head and taper to a broad point. These features suggest that the nails were hand wrought, rather than cut or wire, a method where each nail is manufactured individually by hand on a blacksmiths anvil. The invention of the slitting mill c. 1590 simplified this process by manufacturing iron rods from which nails could be cut, tapered and given a head. Between 1790 and 1820 this process began to be replaced by machine cut nails, before eventual replacement by wire nails in the late 19th century. These nails, therefore, likely date from before the mid-19th century. The level of preservation of iron objects in an intertidal environment also suggests that they are likely to be more recent than the 1590 development of the slitting mill, a date of mid-18th to mid-19th centuries is tentatively suggested. Images of the other object were sent to in-house finds secialist and animal bone specialist at Wessex Archaeology who both said it appeared to be animal skin that had been bundled up but could not tell what it was for. As the object has no readily diagnostic features, it remains unidentifiable.These objects were found during a walk on the River Thames near Rotherhithe. The finder notes that there were possible more than a 100 nails in total, spread over an area about 1.5 square metres. The objects have been deemed as non-wreck material by the Receiver of Wreck and therefore do not have a droit number.UNASSIGNED36393MAS2018-06-13T00:00:00ZFastening2018-06-13T08:36:15Z2020-03-30T14:25:50Z18920175183234PAS5C5037EF001C03241441Greater London AuthorityTQ347951.49407113-0.07113608path.across.back10MAS MASMASIron11019OrganicIncompletePoorPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Other chance find189_DSC_0067.JPG456images/MASPT2024-10-09T14:16:57.934Zfinds-234234MAS-O100234BARRELPOST MEDIEVALThis find comprises of the remains of three to four wooden barrels, which were buried in the intertidal sandy substrate of a pleasure beach. The action of the tide revealed the barrels and it is unclear how much of the barrels remain. End of the staves, lengths of timber making the sides of the barrel, are visible and clearly degraded. In some cases these give the appearance of flaring outwards, implying that only the lower portion of the barrel remains. At least one barrel exhibits inwardly projecting staves, suggesting more than half of the barrel remains. There is some evidence for the remains of posts protruding from the barrels which otherwise give the appearance of having been filled with sand and stone. The term cask is also used to describe barrels specifically intended for the storage of liquid, most commonly alcohol such as wine and beer. It has not been possible at this stage to ascertain the exact size and type of the barrels comprising this find, though it is estimated that they are of a small to medium size such as a Rundlet or Tierce. What the barrels were originally used for is not readily discernible, though it does appear that they have been repurposed for another function. The presence of posts within the barrels and their relative positions, laid out in a rough rectangle, suggests they used to accommodate foundation posts of a possible structure. This may have been a simple platform for bathers or anglers or something more complex such as a temporary jetty or pontoon. An image, submitted by the finder, dating to the 1850s shows structures in approximately the same position as the barrels, which may indicate the structure previously supported by the barrels. Alternatively they may relate someway to the practicing for the D-Day Landings in Normandy, which incorporated the beach and construction of landing pontoons. It has not been possible to firmly date this find from the available data, but given their condition and the preservation of the timber elements a more recent, post-medieval, date is tentatively suggested.Barrels have been in use since at least the time of the Roman Republic, with evidence suggesting their use from 350 BC or earlier (https://www.riverdrive.co/history-of-barrels/ accessed March 2020). Their suitability as water tight containers meant that, until the 20th century, they were essential for the transport and storage of food stuffs, water and alcohol. The whiskey distilling industry still uses traditional oak barrels extensively in the ageing process. The term barrel itself is a general term and there are many different types of barrel, determined by size, such as a firkin (c. 30 litres) and a tun (c. 954 litres). Container21413MAS2018-09-27T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage containerSite2018-10-15T09:58:04Z2020-03-30T14:21:28Z23441482835PAS5C5037EF001C03250003DownNW653654.66413092-5.64553486soils.bike.luck10MAS MASMASWood11988Iron11019Hand madeIncompletePoorROMANx41218MODERNx41047Coastal walking234_20180927_192948.jpg604images/MASPT2024-10-09T14:17:10.274Zfinds-7979MAS-D100079CLAY PIPE (SMOKING)NINETEENTH CENTURYAll three pipes here are complete and are of the short or 'cutty' form. Two of the pipes measure 100 mm and have bowls in the form of a male head, wearing a thin-brimmed cap, while the third, which measures 120 mm, has a simple impression pattern around the outside of the rim. The male head on two of the pipes has previously been thought to represent a military figure or the head of a French soldier. They fall into a group of more elaborate decorative pipes with bowls moulded in the form of human heads and animals, that were common in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Such decorative pipes would have been commonly exported. Tobacco was grown in West Africa from the 17th century, where the inhabitants made their own pipes. The manufacture evolved from that of pottery vessels, but they also imported some through the Atlantic trade (Knight 2010, 67), which is likely what these pipes represent.These items were found with five gin bottles (MAS-D100063) and two perfume bottles (MAS-D100080). All of these items were recovered from the wreck ​Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES39411185/173MAS2017-07-12T00:00:00ZPIPE (SMOKING)901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108With finder2017-07-15T15:13:43Z2020-03-30T14:10:58Z79100352847115PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA7218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASCeramic10539FigurativeCompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck63_Pipe2.jpg178images/MASLR2024-10-09T14:15:23.357Zfinds-8080MAS-D100080PERFUME BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYTwo clear glass perfume bottles. One has a square tapered body and measures 85 mm by 35 mm while the other measures 95 mm by 40 mm and has a round body complete with a round stopper and still contains yellow liquid. Perfume bottles were part of the vessel's cargo and many other bottles have been salvaged from the wreck by divers during recent years. Their form would be entirely consistent with a date around the turn of the 19th/20th century. These items were found with five gin bottles (MAS-D100063) and three clay pipes (MAS-D100079). All of these items were recovered from the wreck ​Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.CONTAINER39411185/173MAS2017-07-12T00:00:00ZCOSMETIC CONTAINER901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108With finder2017-07-15T15:13:43Z2020-03-30T14:10:11Z804095218284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck63_Flakon1.jpg176images/MASLR2024-10-09T14:15:23.616Zfinds-6363MAS-D100063BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYFive olive green case gin bottles with a square tapered body and four dots on base. Some of the earliest spirit bottles were square in cross section and generally designed to contain gin, though undoubtedly contained various types of alcohol and possibly wine. Commonly called "case gin" or "taper gin" bottles since they would pack more efficiently to a case (six to 24 bottles) than round bottles. Case gin bottles are square with a more or less distinct taper inwards from the shoulder to the base. The neck is very short to almost non-existent with the finishes varying from a laid-on ring, flared, mineral finish, oil, and even a blob. This shape and style of bottle originated, and was commonly made, in Europe at least as early as the mid-17th century (https://sha.org/bottle/liquor.htm#CaseGinbottles accessed October 2017). These examples do not exhibit the bevelled corners generally seen on bottles of the 1860s or later and may therefore be earlier 19th century.These items were found with two clay pipes​ (MAS-D100079) and two perfume bottles (MAS-D100080). All of these items were recovered from the wreck ​Loanda. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.CONTAINER39391185/173MAS2017-07-12T00:00:00ZFOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108With finder2017-07-15T15:13:43Z2020-03-30T14:10:00Z6370250518284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck63_Bottle1.jpg174images/MASLR2024-10-09T14:15:19.152Zfinds-134134MAS-D100134HANDLEPOST MEDIEVALThe stem of a silver fork or spoon with a hallmark pattern. The set of four hallmarks located together on the piece of cutlery indicates it was made later than 1781, when this practice was first introduced. Based on this image, this type of spoon/fork is possibly a Fiddle pattern - this refers to the shape of the handle - and is a type introduced in the 1780s and still in production today. The Fiddle pattern means that there are shoulders on the stem near the bowl, which is seen on this example. The lower end of the stem juts out around 90 degrees but this example may have been worn down in the marine environment. Dominant throughout the nineteenth century, Fiddle pattern is the most commonly found pattern from the 1800s. Originating in France, it first occurred in England from the 1760s without the shoulders on the stem near the bowl. The most common Fiddle pattern variants are Fiddle & Thread and Fiddle, Thread & Shell. The production of plain Fiddle pattern ceased around the time of World War One (https://www.antiquesilverspoons.co.uk/spoon-info accessed January 2018).This item was found with one stoneware salt glazed jar​ ​(MAS-D100132), two clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one black glass bottle, one tall wine bottle brown glass hexagonal at base (MAS-D100133) and three ceramic bottles (MAS-D100156)​.FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION36411316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZCUTLERYWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-30T14:05:38Z134122282115PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASSilver11728IncompleteFairPOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047DivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck156_IMG_3565Large.JPG361images/MASLR2024-10-09T14:16:43.861Zfinds-156156MAS-D100156BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYThree salt glazed stoneware bottles. This form of bottle was a type used to carry seltzer water and gin. Seltzer water was exported by various Continental (mainly German) spas. The term 'seltzer' takes its name from the town of Selters in the lower Rhineland, one of the original producers of effervescent mineral waters. This cylindrical bottle type was used from the early 19th century through to the First World War and were produced by the specialist potters known as Krugbacker, or pot bakers, in the Westerwald region of Germany. These bottles, which changed little throughout the 19th century, were slender and cylindrical and colored reddish brown with straight, vertical sides (NMSC Archaeology & Museum Blog webpage accessed November 2017). ​These types of stonewear bottles are also associated with gin exportation from continental distilleries, mainly Amsterdam. Bottles were often stamped with marks indicating the bottling company, therefore any obvious marking could help in distinguishing whether these particular bottles carried seltzer water or gin.These items were found with one stoneware salt glazed jar​ ​(MAS-D100132), two clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one black glass bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with a hexagonal base (MAS-D100133) and part of a metal fork/spoon (MAS-D100134)​.CONTAINER39411316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZFOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINERWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-30T13:58:26Z15632035284514PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNFishingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck156_IMG_3562.JPG355images/MASLR2024-10-09T14:16:49.757Zfinds-132132MAS-D100132INK BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYOne stoneware ink bottle. Ink bottles or inkwells were made of various materials including glass, various metals, various stones, various woods, horn, ceramics and stoneware, and even hard rubber. Prior to beginning of the 19th century, virtually all ink came in ceramic containers which were still commonly used throughout most of the 19th century. Stoneware bottles were superseded by glass bottles by the first decade of the 20th century. Ink bottles of this size are known as the bulk or master ink bottles (https://sha.org/bottle/household.htm, accessed March 2020). The master bottles usually have a pouring lip or spout that would be used to distribute the ink in to smaller wells (Hume 2001), although that lip is not present on this example. Brown ink bottles without a spout, like this discovery, date from the 1850s to 1880s.This item was found with two clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one black glass bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with a hexagonal base (MAS-D100133), a handle of a metal fork/spoon (MAS-D100134)​ and three stoneware salt glazed jars​ ​(MAS-D100156).Written communications39391316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZWriting and drawing equipmentWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-30T13:57:21Z13220015284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYNINETEENTH CENTURYDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck156_IMG_3558Large.JPG360images/MASLR2024-10-09T14:16:43.368Zfinds-183183MAS-D100183UNIDENTIFIED OBJECTPOST MEDIEVALFind comprises of a single length of copper or copper alloy wire, measuring approximately 140 mm long and 10 mm in thickness. The wire consists of a central core of copper alloy strands, which are then wrapped or sheathed in a strand of copper alloy tightly wound around the core. The wire appears to taper towards one end, though it is not clear if this part of its manufacture or damage occurring to it during its use or post deposition on the seabed. The function of this item, clearly incomplete as evidenced by its severed ends, is unclear. Its finding was recorded as being in close proximity to a swivel gun (MAS-D100180) and it is possible that its function related to the use or maintenance of the weapon. It would seem unlikely that it functioned as a cable, due to the use of copper alloy which is not known for it tensile strength. Similarly, though copper is used extensively in modern electrical wiring, the date of the associated Brandy wreck would preclude its use within electronics. Of course this find may be intrusive and not relate to the wreck at all. One further consideration is the possibility it is a fragment of a lightning rod that may have been fitted to a ships mast for protection during and electrical storm at sea.This find comes from an unidentified wreck known as the Brandy Wreck, situated east of Portland Harbour in Weymouth Bay, Dorset. An investigation of the newly discovered wreck was carried out by Wessex Archaeology (2016) in conjunction with The Shipwreck Project, a local organisation who discovered the site, and at the behest of Historic England. The lack of datable evidence from secure contexts, structural elements of a vessel and other factors meant that a precise date or name of the vessel could not be determined. Broadly, the vessel is thought to date between 1600 and 1825 AD and may relate to a naval or merchant vessel, or potentially be a chance accumulation of artefacts. Vessel currently has no NRHE or HER designation numbers. This item was found with a swivel gun (MAS-D100180), a timber (MAS-D100177) and a flat strip of copper (MAS-D100184).36391091/183MAS2018-05-22T00:00:00Z2018-06-01T08:28:32Z2020-03-27T15:32:00Z1831401531415PAS5C5037EF001C03214362DorsetSY737550.57411317-2.38265074commander.evening.twist10MAS MASMASCopper10626FragmentCorrodedPOST MEDIEVALx41047NINETEENTH CENTURYx41047Diving183_MAS_D100184_1.JPG485images/MASPT2024-10-09T14:16:56.573Zfinds-172172MAS-F100172AIRCRAFT COMPONENTMODERNRolls Royce Merlin 45 gear unit, serial number GU 69 677, with a truncated, heavily damaged and corroded, three bladed propeller. All three propeller blades have survived despite heavy corrosion, though the end of one is missing. The wiring in the propeller cam shaft is visible since the outer dome casing has partially disintegrated. The Merlin 45 engine was used in the Mk. V Supermarine Spitfire fighters, in Reconnaissance Spitfires (PR Mk. IG & P MK. IV), and early versions of the naval version the Supermarine Seafire Mk. IB and Mk. IIC). The Merlin 45 saw active service from early 1941 as squadrons were equipped with the new Mk. V Spitfires. Consultation with Boscombe Down Aviation Collection has suggested that this aircraft likely landed on the water, rather than crashed directly, as the damage to the propellor blades is minimal. Given that the nose of an aircraft is most likely where the initial impact of a crash would occur this would appear a more than probable conclusion. Additionally, following cleaning and initial preservation steps, it was noted that there are two circular scollops in the edge of one of the propellor blades (see image 13 of 13). Boscombe Down Aviation Collection suggest that these are of a diametre closely matching that of cannon shells that may have been fired at the Spitfire from a German aircraft such as a Messerschmitt BF 109E. This evidence suggests that the aircraft, to which this Gear unit belonged, was in combat shortly before its loss. The damaged sustained likely caused the engine to fail, causing the pilot to belly land the aircraft on the sea. It is to be hoped that he successfully exited the aircraft and was rescued following these events. Efforts to identify the exact aircraft from which this gear unit originated are being contiued by Boscombe Down AC.The Mk. V Spitfires were initially developed in late 1940 as a high altitude interceptor and were essentially remodelled Mk I & Mk II spitfires with a new engine, later Mk V's were purpose built airframes. The PR Mk. IG (Armed) & P MK. IV (Unarmed) Spitfires were variants created to fulfil the role of photo- reconnaissance of enemy held territory. On some variants the planes had all their armament removed and often replaced with additional fuel tanks to increase their operational range. Their speed, small size and high operational ceiling allowed them to either remain undetected or avoid enemy aircraft. This role had previously been performed by light bombers, such as the Bristol Blenheim, or purpose built reconnaissance aircraft, such as the Westland Lysander. They are both relatively slow aircraft and the Lysander had no armament what so ever, as a result early war losses were high and an alternative solution was sought. The Seafire was a naval version of the Spitfire, adapted for use on aircraft carriers, the first batch of which came into service in late 1941. The earlier variants being used for training to acquaint Fleet Air Arm pilots with the Spitfire air frame and using it on aircraft carriers. vehicle41411059/183MAS2018-04-27T00:00:00Zaircraft engineWith Boscombe Down Aviation Collection2018-04-27T09:07:05Z2020-03-27T15:30:26Z172124512414PAS5C5037EF001C032MAS MASMASSteel11786OtherIncompleteCorrodedMODERNMODERNFishing172_i0000010.jpg418images/MASPT2024-10-09T14:16:53.855Zfinds-150150MAS-D100150LIDMODERNOne copper item, thought to be a lid by discoverer. It is around 180 mm in diameter with greenish brown discolouration from the oxidising of the copper. At its centre there is a raised disc that has been possibly beaten out of the original shape. This circular embossed disc is approximately 90 mm in diameter and has a small circular aperture in its centre (roughly 10 mm diameter). Other than a lid, the item could be a lamp shade of some sort or a hub of some wheeled apparatus.This items was found with two bowls (MAS-D100127), one brass hinge (MAS-D100128), one brown bottle and one clear bottle (MAS-D100129) and one ceramic mug a (MAS-D100130).UNASSIGNED3941312/173MAS2017-09-30T00:00:00ZDOMED LID2017-10-09T15:46:29Z2020-03-27T15:26:58Z1501801533415PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASCopper10626UncertainCorrodedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDiving150_copperlid.JPG759images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2024-10-09T14:16:48.14Zfinds-133133MAS-D100133BOTTLESPOST MEDIEVALTwo clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with glass hexagonal base (94 stamped on base) and one black glass bottle. The fruit bottles are 280 mm long and 70 mm wide. One appears to be more encrusted and discoloured than the other, but both are consistent in their shape. They possess straight bodies, abrubtly curving shoulders and straight necks running to applied finishes. One is still stoppered and contains what appears to be olives. Both are indicative of fruit bottles in style and shape. The two wine bottles differ in appearance. The first is made from clear green and ornately decorated glass, with spiralling exhibitned from the shoulders and up the neck. It is 300 mm long and 60 mm wide, with straight sides and gradually sloping shoulders to a straight neck before a wine finish. The second bottle is cruder in appearance. The dark brown/black glass in encrusted with marine biofauna, and its shape is slightly warped to the left in the photograph. The sides are straight, but the shoulders are seemingly absent, as the entire 380 mm length of the bottle appears to slope right down to the finish. At its base '94' is stamped, which could mean it is dated from 1894 (1994 and 1794 unlikely for this style of bottle). Both bottles are still stoppered. The final bottle has straight sides, very pronounced and acutely rounded shoulders, a slightly bulging neck and a ringed finish with cork still intact. The bottle is squat in profile, with a length of 230 mm and a width of 80 mm. This style is indicative of port bottles, and as such the bottle could contain liquor.These items were found with one stoneware salt glazed jar​ ​(MAS-D100132), three stoneware bottles (MAS-D100156) and part of a metal fork (MAS-D100134)​.Container39411894316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage containerWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-27T15:17:55Z13311814414115PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASGlass10879Wood11988BlownCompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving156_IMG_3550Large.JPG357images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2024-10-09T14:16:43.613Zfinds-129129MAS-D100129BOTTLESPOST MEDIEVALTwo bottles with dark glass. Both appear to be 250 mm from finish to base and 50 mm in diameter. One bottle is dark green and the other black. Both have been encrusted and marked with biological activity, which could be mistaken for ornate symbols and badges. Neither are corked or stoppered. Both are very similar in style with straight bodies, rounded and slightly abrupt shoulders that lead into slightly bulging necks before an applied wine finish. From this shape and size, both bottles are assumed to be wine bottles, or perhaps liquor bottles from the 19-20th century. The finish of the bottles is what's known as a packer finish. The primary diagnostic feature of the packer finish is that it has the same diameter from top to bottom (no flare) and is moderately tall. The outside surface of the finish is generally flat, though can sometimes be very slightly concave or convex. The packer finish can be found on just about any type or class of bottle that held liquid or semi-liquid products. This style of finish can also be found on bottles dating from the mid-19th century through the early machine-made bottle era (i.e, up through the 1920s). Thus, the style by itself has little utility for either dating or typing (https://sha.org/bottle/finishstyles.htm#English%20Ring Accessed March 2020). If the bottles have kicked bases, it would indicate a wine bottle, while a flat base would indicate a beer bottle.This items was found with two bowls (MAS-D100127), one brass hinge (MAS-D100128), one ceramic mug (MAS-D100130) and one copper lid (MAS-D100150).3941312/173MAS2017-09-30T00:00:00Z2017-10-09T15:46:29Z2020-03-27T15:16:52Z12950250118414515PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASGlass10879BlownCompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving129_allmaterial.JPG756images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2024-10-09T14:16:42.663Zfinds-124124MAS-O100124BRASSPOST MEDIEVALOne ornate brass piece. The piece has an aperture in the middle, in the centre of a circular disc which is itself recessed slightly into the surface. The disc extends laterally into two leaf-shaped limbs, which are decoratively styled and form curved arrows at their tips. At the end of each limb there is a circular hole, which was likely used to fasten the brass piece to its host object. These holes are countersunk, presumably to accommodate the heads of screws. The piece is approximately 90 mm in length, with a width of 40 mm and thickness of 2 mm. The diameter of the two larger holes on the limbs is 5mm approximately, and the diameter of the central hole is around 2-3 mm, with the central disc of the piece having a diameter of 4 mm. Whilst by no means certain, this object appears to be a fitting for an item of furniture. The recess around the central hole appears to be designed to accommodate the base of a circular or spherical/hemispherical object, suggestive of a handle or knob, while the two other holes are for securing the brass plate to the item of furniture. This, therefore, may be a bracket for a drawer or door handle on an item of furniture.3641320/173MAS2017-09-08T00:00:00Z2017-09-11T19:19:58Z2020-03-27T15:02:05Z12424090174115PAS5C5037EF001C032SW822050.04012553-5.04588056loaning.rounds.drifters6MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627CastCompletePOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047Diving124_IMG_01.jpg324images/MASPT2024-10-09T14:16:41.294Zfinds-169169MAS-O100169KNIFEPOST MEDIEVALDouble edged blade covered with concretions, around 25 mm wide and 280 mm long. Displays iron oxidation, and the item has not been preserved well. The blade is roughly 200 mm long and the thicker handle is approximately 80 mm long. Following consultation with Henry Yallop of The Royal Armouries museum, this object can only be discribed as roughly the shape of a common blade form , i.e. roughly lenticular, and about 25 mm broad. What is not clear is whether it was once the complete blade, or that this is part of one, or alternatively that it was the part of another forged object, and only appears to be blade like.Tools and equipment3641026/183MAS2017-10-15T00:00:00Zcutting equipmentWith finder2018-01-20T18:52:51Z2020-03-26T16:22:12Z16902527018275PAS5C50379B001E6C225469Isle of WightSZ428050.61820269-1.40768541blesses.recline.numeral10MAS MASMASIron11019IncompleteConcretedPOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047Coastal walking169_20180205_150952.jpg409images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2024-10-09T14:16:52.989Z