2024-03-28T22:24:43+00:00https://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/jsonhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/xmlhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/rsshttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/atomhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/kmlhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/geojsonhttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results/format/qrcodehttps://marinefinds.org.uk/database/search/results51120finds-111111MAS-F100111AIRCRAFT COMPONENTMODERNAluminium aircraft section, heavily corroded and damaged. No identifying marks or plates visible, though two cross member plate remnants present. 870 x 45mm.
The lack of identifying marks means that the type and origin of the aircraft cannot be definitively identified from this recovered section. Initially thought to be part of a piston engine support frame from something like a Spitfire fighter, a Dakota transport aircraft, or perhaps one of the multi-engined bombers,this theory was discarded as these are generally circular in section. The double row of rivet holes down one side (presumably where it attached to the skin) suggest it is more likely a stringer of some description. A stringer is a Longitudinal member (i.e. in the fuselage aligned with the longitudinal axis and in wings and tail surfaces perpendicular to this axis) which gives the airframe its shape and provides the support for the skin. In fuselages, they link frames and in aerofoils they link ribs. The consensus therefore, is that it is from the outer wing rib of a single engine aeroplane or the fin/tail plane rib of a larger multi engine aircraft from the Second World War; and has characteristics that suggest it is from a Royal Air Force or British aircraft. However, due to the corrosion and the very close variations in measurement between both metric and imperial measurements, i.e. millimetres (mm), standard wire gauge (swg) or thousands of an inch (thou), used by aircraft designers during this period, the use of the spacing and diameter of rivets, bolt holes and other spacings combined with any drilling/stamping errors means that these do not help in identifying the piece. The damage to the piece also means that the use of rivet pitch, which might identify the manufacturer, rather than the country of origin, would be open to a wide degree of error.TRANSPORT41411218/173MAS2017-08-23T00:00:00ZVehicle componentWith finder2017-08-23T08:47:41Z2018-05-23T13:59:19Z111458701272811422625East SussexTQ440050.781702980.04126088pastels.dash.stockpile10MAS MASMASWhite metal11967FragmentMODERNMODERNFishingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckFIPAD_201708174.JPG288images/MAS2018-05-23T12:59:19.121Zfinds-172172MAS-F100172AIRCRAFT COMPONENTMODERNRolls Royce Merlin 45 gear unit, serial number GU 69 677, with a truncated, heavily damaged and corroded, three bladed propeller. All three propeller blades have survived despite heavy corrosion, though the end of one is missing. The wiring in the propeller cam shaft is visible since the outer dome casing has partially disintegrated. The Merlin 45 engine was used in the Mk. V Supermarine Spitfire fighters, in Reconnaissance Spitfires (PR Mk. IG & P MK. IV), and early versions of the naval version the Supermarine Seafire Mk. IB and Mk. IIC). The Merlin 45 saw active service from early 1941 as squadrons were equipped with the new Mk. V Spitfires.
Consultation with Boscombe Down Aviation Collection has suggested that this aircraft likely landed on the water, rather than crashed directly, as the damage to the propellor blades is minimal. Given that the nose of an aircraft is most likely where the initial impact of a crash would occur this would appear a more than probable conclusion. Additionally, following cleaning and initial preservation steps, it was noted that there are two circular scollops in the edge of one of the propellor blades (see image 13 of 13). Boscombe Down Aviation Collection suggest that these are of a diametre closely matching that of cannon shells that may have been fired at the Spitfire from a German aircraft such as a Messerschmitt BF 109E. This evidence suggests that the aircraft, to which this Gear unit belonged, was in combat shortly before its loss. The damaged sustained likely caused the engine to fail, causing the pilot to belly land the aircraft on the sea. It is to be hoped that he successfully exited the aircraft and was rescued following these events. Efforts to identify the exact aircraft from which this gear unit originated are being contiued by Boscombe Down AC.The Mk. V Spitfires were initially developed in late 1940 as a high altitude interceptor and were essentially remodelled Mk I & Mk II spitfires with a new engine, later Mk V's were purpose built airframes.
The PR Mk. IG (Armed) & P MK. IV (Unarmed) Spitfires were variants created to fulfil the role of photo- reconnaissance of enemy held territory. On some variants the planes had all their armament removed and often replaced with additional fuel tanks to increase their operational range. Their speed, small size and high operational ceiling allowed them to either remain undetected or avoid enemy aircraft. This role had previously been performed by light bombers, such as the Bristol Blenheim, or purpose built reconnaissance aircraft, such as the Westland Lysander. They are both relatively slow aircraft and the Lysander had no armament what so ever, as a result early war losses were high and an alternative solution was sought.
The Seafire was a naval version of the Spitfire, adapted for use on aircraft carriers, the first batch of which came into service in late 1941. The earlier variants being used for training to acquaint Fleet Air Arm pilots with the Spitfire air frame and using it on aircraft carriers. vehicle41411059/183MAS2018-04-27T00:00:00Zaircraft engineWith Boscombe Down Aviation Collection2018-04-27T09:07:05Z2020-03-27T15:30:26Z172124512414PAS5C5037EF001C032MAS MASMASSteel11786OtherIncompleteCorrodedMODERNMODERNFishing172_i0000010.jpg418images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-27T15:30:26.261Zfinds-234234MAS-O100234BARRELPOST MEDIEVALThis find comprises of the remains of three to four wooden barrels, which were buried in the intertidal sandy substrate of a pleasure beach. The action of the tide revealed the barrels and it is unclear how much of the barrels remain. End of the staves, lengths of timber making the sides of the barrel, are visible and clearly degraded. In some cases these give the appearance of flaring outwards, implying that only the lower portion of the barrel remains. At least one barrel exhibits inwardly projecting staves, suggesting more than half of the barrel remains. There is some evidence for the remains of posts protruding from the barrels which otherwise give the appearance of having been filled with sand and stone.
The term cask is also used to describe barrels specifically intended for the storage of liquid, most commonly alcohol such as wine and beer. It has not been possible at this stage to ascertain the exact size and type of the barrels comprising this find, though it is estimated that they are of a small to medium size such as a Rundlet or Tierce. What the barrels were originally used for is not readily discernible, though it does appear that they have been repurposed for another function. The presence of posts within the barrels and their relative positions, laid out in a rough rectangle, suggests they used to accommodate foundation posts of a possible structure. This may have been a simple platform for bathers or anglers or something more complex such as a temporary jetty or pontoon. An image, submitted by the finder, dating to the 1850s shows structures in approximately the same position as the barrels, which may indicate the structure previously supported by the barrels. Alternatively they may relate someway to the practicing for the D-Day Landings in Normandy, which incorporated the beach and construction of landing pontoons. It has not been possible to firmly date this find from the available data, but given their condition and the preservation of the timber elements a more recent, post-medieval, date is tentatively suggested.Barrels have been in use since at least the time of the Roman Republic, with evidence suggesting their use from 350 BC or earlier (https://www.riverdrive.co/history-of-barrels/ accessed March 2020). Their suitability as water tight containers meant that, until the 20th century, they were essential for the transport and storage of food stuffs, water and alcohol. The whiskey distilling industry still uses traditional oak barrels extensively in the ageing process. The term barrel itself is a general term and there are many different types of barrel, determined by size, such as a firkin (c. 30 litres) and a tun (c. 954 litres). Container21413MAS2018-09-27T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage containerSite2018-10-15T09:58:04Z2020-03-30T14:21:28Z23441482835PAS5C5037EF001C03250003DownNW653654.66413092-5.64553486soils.bike.luck10MAS MASMASWood11988Iron11019Hand madeIncompletePoorROMANx41218MODERNx41047Coastal walking234_20180927_192948.jpg604images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-30T13:21:28.39Zfinds-33MAS-1F5444BEADPOST MEDIEVALTwenty-six long drawn beads with a single cylindrical central perforation extending along the length of the bead. Varying in size, the beads measure approximately 25 mm in length and 8 mm in diameter, and some signs of wear are visible. The beads all have an opaque white core, cased in opaque red, cased in opaque white and finally cased in translucent blue on the exterior. The inner layers form a star pattern. The diameter cross-section is roughly cylindrical in the centre, whilst at the upper and lower ends the cross-section changes to become faceted in an octagonal shape, allowing the layers to be seen from the side.
These polychrome beads are of a type known as 'chevron' or 'rosetta' beads, which for several hundred years have been a speciality of the Venetian glassmakers. First appearing in the late 15th century, they were made from a short section of drawn-out hollow cane in a translucent greenish glass, coated with six further layers of white, translucent greenish, red and blue glass, and given a star-like cross-section by pressing in a 12-pointed corrugated mould; the canes were then cut into short lengths and the ends ground to expose the inner layers. Later beads may have fewer layers; they are still being made in Venice today, albeit in very small quantities. These beads can reach up to 90 mm in length and 60 mm in diameter, however the more common size is 20-30 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter.
In the UK, chevron beads usually belong to 16th or 17th century contexts, but they were also made in quantity for export to West Africa and the Americas, and the peak of production came during the 19th and early 20th centuries. These later beads were usually of four and six layers, in red, blue and white. Chevron beads are still highly valued in present-day West Africa, where they continue to be worn for prestige and ceremonial purposes, and are occasionally buried with the dead.These beads were recovered from the wreck of Loanda, along with three clay pipes recorded as MAS-100004. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.Dress and personal accessories3641150019081196/163MAS2016-07-12T00:00:00ZJewellery901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108; TR 45 NE 256; TR 34 SE 112With finder2016-08-03T14:44:36Z2016-09-30T11:57:40ZPAS57A1F5440013D68252618284317115PAS57BC1B67001A23PAS57BC1E1600176F218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS-1FC389MAS MASMASGlass10879OtherDrawnCompleteFairPOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047DivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckP1050090.JPG2images/MASMF2017-11-06T18:25:22.053Zfinds-109109MAS-F100109BOATMODERNThis find is an unidentified curved aluminium sheet that measures approximately 0.94 m by 0.24 m and has a thickness of 5 mm. The sheet displays one riveted hole and one area still exhibits faint traces of red paint. The sheet is covered in a layer of marine growth.
Initially it was believed that this object could be associated with aviation remains, however, after consulting our historic aircraft specialist, it was confirmed that the material is too thick to belong to an aircraft. The colour red does not often appear, other than on external markings or Luftwaffe radio equipment, both of which would have been made of a lighter gauge material. Although the origin of this aluminium sheet is unknown, it is possible that it is of industrial origin; or it may be related to vessel superstructure plating or in the internal construction for retaining insulating material.TRANSPORT41411219/173MAS2017-08-23T00:00:00ZWATER CRAFTWith finder2017-08-23T08:40:58Z2018-05-08T08:40:03Z109524094012728114PAS57C96ECD001E82PAS57C96ECD001E8222625East SussexTQ440050.781702980.04126088pastels.dash.stockpile10MAS MASMASWhite metal11967FragmentMODERNMODERNFishingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckFIPAD_2017081726.JPG277images/MASABB2018-05-08T07:40:03.024Zfinds-6565MAS-D100065BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYSix stoneware seltzer bottles, of a type used to carry mineral water from various Continental (mainly German) spas. The term 'seltzer' takes its name from the town of Selters in the lower Rhineland, one of the original producers of effervescent mineral waters. This cylindrical bottle type was used from the early 19th century through to the First World War. These types of bottles were produced by the specialist potters known as Krugbacker, or pot bakers, in the Westerwald region of Germany. These bottles, which changed little throughout the 19th century, were slender and cylindrical and colored reddish brown with straight, vertical sides. Bottles were stamped with marks indicating the bottling company, the jug baker's mark, the well number from which they were filled, and the town from which they were shipped (NMSC Archaeology & Museum Blog webpage, accessed September 2017).These items were found with four stoneware beverage bottles (MAS-D100066), two green glass wine bottles (MAS-D100068), three aqua glass bottles (MAS-D100071), one Hamilton bottle (MAS-D100072), four small stoneware ink bottles (MAS-D100074), six small bowls (MAS-D100076) and one egg cup (MAS-D100078).
All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Strathclyde, a British trading steamship built in 1871 in Blackwood, Port Glasgow. The ship sank in 1876 off Dover whilst carrying 23 passengers and 47 crew for Bombay, following a collision with Franconia and resulting in the loss of 38 lives.
NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Strathclyde.
The location of SS Strathclyde was taken from the British National Grid co-ordinate from the National Record of the Historic Environment.Container39411173/173MAS2017-07-24T00:00:00ZFood and liquid storage container813607Kent HER Number: TR 33 NW 23With finder2017-07-24T21:26:17Z2017-10-05T11:46:02Z6565284115PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR343851.093539951.34042371fatigue.paddles.woodland10MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckIMG_1938.JPG181images/MASLR2017-11-06T18:18:24.986Zfinds-6666MAS-D100066BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYFour stoneware bottles (three large and one smaller) that were probably used for beer, ale, stout or porter.
Stoneware bottles provided the ultimate in protection from the detrimental effects of light but were very heavy. They were produced in Britain in the 1800s and many bottles found in the United States were even imported from here.
All of these bottles have a feldspathic glaze over an ochre dip on the upper parts of the bottle giving them a darker colour on top. Feldspars (natural rocks of aluminosilicates) are used in stoneware and porcelain glazes because they fuse only at high temperatures. The feldspathic glaze dates the bottles to the 1830s or later while stoneware bottles were more or less superseded by glass by the first decade of the 20th century. These items were found with six stoneware seltzer bottles (MAS-D100065), two green glass wine bottles (MAS-D100068), three aqua glass bottles (MAS-D100071), one Hamilton bottle (MAS-D100072), four small stoneware ink bottles (MAS-D100074), six small bowls (MAS-D100076) and an egg cup (MAS-D100078).
All of these items were recovered from the wreck of SS Strathclyde, a British trading steamship built in 1871 in Blackwood, Port Glasgow. The ship sank in 1876 off Dover whilst carrying 23 passengers and 47 crew for Bombay, following a collision with Franconia and resulting in the loss of 38 lives.
NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Strathclyde.
The location of SS Strathclyde was taken from the British National Grid co-ordinate from the National Record of the Historic Environment.Container39411173/173MAS2017-07-24T00:00:00ZFood and liquid storage container813607Kent HER Number: TR 33 NW 23With finder2017-07-24T21:26:17Z2017-10-05T11:46:18Z6645284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR343851.093539951.34042371fatigue.paddles.woodland10MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckIMG_1938.JPG182images/MASLR2017-11-06T18:18:21.703Zfinds-8484MAS-D100084BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYThree cylindrical glass bottles. The two larger bottles are full size wine bottles. One is of the 'Burgundy' type and is most likely Continental. The half-size wine bottle, originally thought to be a champagne bottle, also has a Continental style neck. The Continental style neck appears around the middle of the 19th century (Dumbrell 1983). All are of nineteenth or twentieth century type.These bottles were found with two green glass gin bottles (MAS-D100101), seven clay pipes (MAS-D100085) and the lid of a ceramic serving dish (MAS-D100087).CONTAINER394113MAS2017-08-06T00:00:00ZFOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINERWith finder2017-08-11T10:45:35Z2017-12-06T12:54:12Z8476318284115PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck84_Picture1.jpg386images/MASLR2017-12-06T12:54:12.225Zfinds-103103MAS-F100103BOTTLEMODERNThis flat-based Hamilton, or 'torpedo' bottle stands 240 mm high, with a 64-mm wide base and is approximately 90 mm wide at the waist. It has a 'bottle logo' embossed on its base. There are possibly other text/numerals that have since worn away. The bottle shows moulding scars on the base and sides. It has a crown top finish.
The egg-shaped bottle was first patented by William Francis Hamilton in 1814, the idea being that the bottle had to be stored on its side to keep the cork wet and ensuring a good seal on the reusable bottle. In around 1870, the flat based egg or Hamilton bottle was introduced. Following the 'blob top' finish being replaced by the crown top and cork sometime after 1892, when this cap design was patented, the design became more popular. This was because the bottles could now be reliably stored upright without cork shrinkage and a leaky seal causing loss of the carbonated gas. This is recognisable on this bottle by the beaded rim that the metal cap fitted over. These are also generally c.25mm in diameter. The cap would have been metal with a cork lining. This, however, lead to the decline in the popularity of torpedo bottles as it made them no longer necessary (Lucas, 2010).
The mould scar travels up the neck to the lip of the bottle and this would suggest that it was manufactured around 1910 on a semi or fully automated bottle making machine, near to the end of their popularity. The 'bottle logo' on the base is probably the manufactures logo, however, several manufacturers used the same logo as their mark and therefore it has not now been possible to isolate its exact point of manufacture. The bottles were extensively exported from the U.K. and are therefore found around the world, but particularly in the former colonies and North America.BOTTLE41413MAS2017-08-23T00:00:00ZFood and liquid storage containerWith finder2017-08-23T08:15:00Z2018-05-23T14:00:10Z24010390118284911422625East SussexTQ440050.781702980.04126088pastels.dash.stockpile10MAS MASMASGlass10879MouldedCompleteFairMODERNMODERNFishingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckFIPAD_2017081795.JPG241images/MAS2018-05-23T13:00:10.772Zfinds-100100MAS-D100100BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYA collection of five bottles comprising two full-size glass bottles, one squat cylindrical glass bottle, one small clear bottle, and one stoneware bottle. All the bottles are believed to be of nineteenth and twentieth century type, although it is difficult to date all but the stoneware bottle.
The two full-size glass bottles are thought to be either wine or beer bottles. If the bottles have kicked bases, it would indicate a wine bottle, while a flat base would indicate a beer bottle.
The squat cylindrical glass bottle was thought to be a port bottle, however if the base is flat, this could also be another example of a beer bottle.
The small clear bottle with a long narrow neck is thought to have been used for foodstuffs, possibly a condiment of some sort.
The ginger beer stoneware bottle is covered with a feldpathic glaze and stamped with 'A Phillips Victoria VI'. This bottle relates to Alexander Phillips of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, whose business ran from 1858. In 1879, his son became a partner in the business after which time the bottles are stamped 'A Phillips & Son' (B.C. & Vancouver Island - Bottles, Antiques & Collectables, accessed November 2017). This stoneware ginger beer bottle was produced in Britain by the Doulton Lambeth Company. 'VI' stands for the crown colony of Vancouver Island. After the colonies were combined in 1866, most companies would switch to using BC or British Columbia. However, the bottles depicting 'VI' would still be used, as special orders for bottles like these could take months, if not more than a year, to reach the new colony, meaning that existing bottles were often recycled (Royal B.C. Museum Learning Portal, accessed November 2017).These items were found with four stoneware ginger beer bottles (MAS-D100082).CONTAINER39411201/173MAS2017-08-01T00:00:00ZFOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINERWith finder2017-08-11T10:38:35Z2018-05-22T15:47:59Z10076518284115PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR353551.06620131.35272976recharges.vehicles.unmarked10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckIMG_2178.JPG201images/MASLR2018-05-22T14:47:59.413Zfinds-207207MAS-D100207BOTTLEPOST MEDIEVALLong necked glass bottle in clear or aqua marine glass. Overall height of 210 mm from base to finish, the height of body from base to shoulder being 120 mm. The finish being of the applied style, bearing a ring of glass approximately 15 mm wide over a further ring extending a further 5-10 mm down the neck. The base of the vessels exhibits a slightly concave punt <10 mm deep. In profile the body appears to be of a flattened hexagon shape, approximately 70 mm wide. the largest pane of the hexagonal shape being 45 mm across. The contraction from body to neck is severe, narrowing to 30 mm in only 10 mm of height, the contraction being convex in shape. The exterior of the neck is 30 mm wide at its base, tapering to 20 mm where it meets the finish. the finish being approximately 25 - 30 mm across. The body bears the inscription of C & B embosed near the base of the largest pane of the hexagon. The intended use of the vessel is unclear, being of a fairly unique design, and may relate to medicinal products or possibly the bottling of gin. No exact details of the company or product to which the logo C & B relates can be ascertained at this time. As it was found with mid to late 19th century finds, it implies a probable date of this period. The verall condition is good as the vessel is complete, though there is soe evidence of encrustation along one side of the body.This item was found with a tobacco pipe (MAS-D100205) and four stonewear bottles (MAS-D100206). These items were recovered from an undesignated wreck known locally as the Mindoro, though no records are available online relating to such a wreck.39411240/183MAS2018-08-28T00:00:00ZN/AWith finder2018-08-29T08:50:59Z2020-03-26T12:54:29Z210207701184215PAS5C5037EF001C03218210KentTR353551.06620131.35272976recharges.vehicles.unmarked10MAS MASMASGlass10879CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving207_IMG01.jpg536images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-26T12:54:29.295Zfinds-156156MAS-D100156BOTTLENINETEENTH CENTURYThree salt glazed stoneware bottles. This form of bottle was a type used to carry seltzer water and gin.
Seltzer water was exported by various Continental (mainly German) spas. The term 'seltzer' takes its name from the town of Selters in the lower Rhineland, one of the original producers of effervescent mineral waters. This cylindrical bottle type was used from the early 19th century through to the First World War and were produced by the specialist potters known as Krugbacker, or pot bakers, in the Westerwald region of Germany. These bottles, which changed little throughout the 19th century, were slender and cylindrical and colored reddish brown with straight, vertical sides (NMSC Archaeology & Museum Blog webpage accessed November 2017).
These types of stonewear bottles are also associated with gin exportation from continental distilleries, mainly Amsterdam. Bottles were often stamped with marks indicating the bottling company, therefore any obvious marking could help in distinguishing whether these particular bottles carried seltzer water or gin.These items were found with one stoneware salt glazed jar (MAS-D100132), two clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one black glass bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with a hexagonal base (MAS-D100133) and part of a metal fork/spoon (MAS-D100134).CONTAINER39411316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZFOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINERWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-30T13:58:26Z15632035284514PAS5989C577001EA7PAS5989C577001EA72MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNFishingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck156_IMG_3562.JPG355images/MASLR2020-03-30T12:58:26.385Zfinds-133133MAS-D100133BOTTLESPOST MEDIEVALTwo clear glass fruit bottles, one ornate green glass wine bottle, one tall brown wine bottle with glass hexagonal base (94 stamped on base) and one black glass bottle.
The fruit bottles are 280 mm long and 70 mm wide. One appears to be more encrusted and discoloured than the other, but both are consistent in their shape. They possess straight bodies, abrubtly curving shoulders and straight necks running to applied finishes. One is still stoppered and contains what appears to be olives. Both are indicative of fruit bottles in style and shape.
The two wine bottles differ in appearance. The first is made from clear green and ornately decorated glass, with spiralling exhibitned from the shoulders and up the neck. It is 300 mm long and 60 mm wide, with straight sides and gradually sloping shoulders to a straight neck before a wine finish. The second bottle is cruder in appearance. The dark brown/black glass in encrusted with marine biofauna, and its shape is slightly warped to the left in the photograph. The sides are straight, but the shoulders are seemingly absent, as the entire 380 mm length of the bottle appears to slope right down to the finish. At its base '94' is stamped, which could mean it is dated from 1894 (1994 and 1794 unlikely for this style of bottle). Both bottles are still stoppered.
The final bottle has straight sides, very pronounced and acutely rounded shoulders, a slightly bulging neck and a ringed finish with cork still intact. The bottle is squat in profile, with a length of 230 mm and a width of 80 mm. This style is indicative of port bottles, and as such the bottle could contain liquor.These items were found with one stoneware salt glazed jar (MAS-D100132), three stoneware bottles (MAS-D100156) and part of a metal fork (MAS-D100134).Container39411894316/173MAS2017-10-18T00:00:00ZStorage container. Food and liquid storage containerWith finder2017-10-23T17:13:40Z2020-03-27T15:17:55Z13311814414115PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASGlass10879Wood11988BlownCompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving156_IMG_3550Large.JPG357images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-27T15:17:55.406Zfinds-129129MAS-D100129BOTTLESPOST MEDIEVALTwo bottles with dark glass. Both appear to be 250 mm from finish to base and 50 mm in diameter. One bottle is dark green and the other black. Both have been encrusted and marked with biological activity, which could be mistaken for ornate symbols and badges. Neither are corked or stoppered. Both are very similar in style with straight bodies, rounded and slightly abrupt shoulders that lead into slightly bulging necks before an applied wine finish. From this shape and size, both bottles are assumed to be wine bottles, or perhaps liquor bottles from the 19-20th century.
The finish of the bottles is what's known as a packer finish. The primary diagnostic feature of the packer finish is that it has the same diameter from top to bottom (no flare) and is moderately tall. The outside surface of the finish is generally flat, though can sometimes be very slightly concave or convex. The packer finish can be found on just about any type or class of bottle that held liquid or semi-liquid products. This style of finish can also be found on bottles dating from the mid-19th century through the early machine-made bottle era (i.e, up through the 1920s). Thus, the style by itself has little utility for either dating or typing (https://sha.org/bottle/finishstyles.htm#English%20Ring Accessed March 2020). If the bottles have kicked bases, it would indicate a wine bottle, while a flat base would indicate a beer bottle.This items was found with two bowls (MAS-D100127), one brass hinge (MAS-D100128), one ceramic mug (MAS-D100130) and one copper lid (MAS-D100150).3941312/173MAS2017-09-30T00:00:00Z2017-10-09T15:46:29Z2020-03-27T15:16:52Z12950250118414515PAS5C50379B001E6C2MAS MASMASGlass10879BlownCompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNx41047Diving129_allmaterial.JPG756images/MASRobbie Trevelyan2020-03-27T15:16:52.382Zfinds-4242MAS-D100042BOWLNINETEENTH CENTURYFragment of white ceramic bowl or lid marked with black and white geometric design and number '23'. Number appears to be hand-painted or stamped. Found loose on the seabed with a little marine growth present. This is a naval issue bowl probably used for drinking rather than smaller, handled cups, as they were more practical on board a ship. The number refers to the mess number, and the bowls were designed to be stored upside-down. The find dates to the late 19th or 20th century.CONTAINER39411119/173MAS2017-05-03T00:00:00ZFOOD SERVING CONTAINERWith finder2017-05-29T15:59:39Z2017-09-26T13:19:10Z425110160152811315PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B214362DorsetSZ057950.6106936-1.93069645excuse.snore.bookings10MAS MASMASCeramic10539GeometricFragmentPoorNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckLid3.jpg147images/MASLR2017-11-06T18:19:59.264Zfinds-124124MAS-O100124BRASSPOST MEDIEVALOne ornate brass piece. The piece has an aperture in the middle, in the centre of a circular disc which is itself recessed slightly into the surface. The disc extends laterally into two leaf-shaped limbs, which are decoratively styled and form curved arrows at their tips. At the end of each limb there is a circular hole, which was likely used to fasten the brass piece to its host object. These holes are countersunk, presumably to accommodate the heads of screws. The piece is approximately 90 mm in length, with a width of 40 mm and thickness of 2 mm. The diameter of the two larger holes on the limbs is 5mm approximately, and the diameter of the central hole is around 2-3 mm, with the central disc of the piece having a diameter of 4 mm.
Whilst by no means certain, this object appears to be a fitting for an item of furniture. The recess around the central hole appears to be designed to accommodate the base of a circular or spherical/hemispherical object, suggestive of a handle or knob, while the two other holes are for securing the brass plate to the item of furniture. This, therefore, may be a bracket for a drawer or door handle on an item of furniture.3641320/173MAS2017-09-08T00:00:00Z2017-09-11T19:19:58Z2020-03-27T15:02:05Z12424090174115PAS5C5037EF001C032SW822050.04012553-5.04588056loaning.rounds.drifters6MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627CastCompletePOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047Diving124_IMG_01.jpg324images/MASPhil Trim2020-03-27T15:02:05.708Zfinds-115115MAS-D100115CARTRIDGENINETEENTH CENTURYImages of this find were sent to Trevor Parker of the Ordnance Society. He confirmed that these three shell cases belong to a six-pounder Hotchkiss gun. This particular type of gun was introduced in 1884 for use against torpedo boats. They were used during First World War on the Arethusa and early 'C' class cruisers and a few submarines as well as on Monitors M.15 through M.33. Originally French in origin, they were introduced to Britain in 1886 (Tucker 2013). Many were subsequently used as sub-calibre and saluting guns which meant that they were still available in 1939 (Naval Weapons, Naval Technology and Naval reunions webpage, accessed September 2017).
Although these cartridges are empty, there is a good chance that their primers are live.The evidence for this is that they all have their primer protectors in place.These are three-legged covers that clip over the base and have a domed area in the middle that sits over the primer in the middle of the case bottom, to prevent accidental striking of the primer before it's loaded (War Office 2003). The edges of these clips are visible on all three cases and would have been removed before firing. This raises the question of where the shells have gone if they were not fired. The shells would have been held firmly in place therefore it has been suggested that these shell cases are of some age, dating back to the early 1900s, shortly after this type of gun appeared and that the actual shells have rusted away completely.These items were recovered from the wreck of SS Unity, a British transport steamship built in 1902 by Murdoch & Murray, Glasgow. On 2 May 1918, whilst on a voyage from Newhaven to Calais with a cargo of ordnance, SS Unity was sunk by the German submarine UB57, with the loss of 12 lives.
NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of SS Unity.
The location of SS Unity was taken from the British National Grid co-ordinate from the National Record of the Historic Environment.Armour and weapons39411236/173MAS2017-08-26T00:00:00ZAmmunition901741Kent HER Number: TR 21 NE 1With finder2017-09-08T08:39:56Z2017-10-05T11:37:37Z11534037284515PAS5989C577001EA7PAS59C90C510011A3218210KentTR261750.908207411.21330846cramped.inflatables.couriers10MAS MASMASCopper alloy10627CompleteEncrustedNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckIMG_2984.JPG307images/MASLR2018-03-19T13:04:35.56Zfinds-1111MAS-100011CLAY PIPE (SMOKING)NINETEENTH CENTURYThis is a very worn example of a 'cutty' (short) pipe (total length 115 mm) with a round-based spurless bowl imitating a briar pipe, and decorated with multiple 'thorns' - small pointed protrusions around the stem and bowl. This type of bowl was in use between c. 1850 and 1910 (Atkinson and Oswald 1969: type 30), and the thorn design was one of the many decorative types popular during this period (e.g. Ayto 1994:11; Hammond 2009: figure 7).
Clay tobacco pipes were manufactured (using two-piece moulds) in huge quantities in many towns and cities around the UK and were also imported from the Continent. They were cheap, highly disposable items, often given away with a pint of beer by the local publican. The short 'cutty' pipes were popular with working men as they could be smoked while working, whereas the longer pipes were more for smoking at leisure.
This clay pipe was found approximately 250 m outside the offshore designated area for the HMS Coronation wreck site. The period of the pipe's manufacture confirms that it is not associated with this vessel, which was wrecked in 1691. The pipe's location is thought to be within an extensive dumping site featuring artefacts dating from the 19th century through to the modern period.Although the clay pipe is not associated with HMS Coronation, there is still the potential for small and delicate items to be discovered beyond the extent of the protected areas that may be associated with the wreck.
HMS Coronation was an English Royal Navy Second Rate ship of the line, armed with 90 guns. Built at Portsmouth Dockyard and launched in 1685, it was wrecked in a storm in 1691 off Rame Head, Cornwall, with the loss of approximately 600 lives (Lavery 1983: 162).
After the discovery of the site in 1967, it was protected in 1978 under the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 (1978 - Coronation offshore Site 17; 1989 - Coronation inshore Site 33). The offshore site has an exclusion zone radius of 150 m, while the inshore site has an exclusion zone radius of 250 m. Divers may apply for a licence to visit these sites.
The NRHE and Cornwall & Scilly HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of HMS Coronation.Dress and personal accessories3941185019101298/163MAS2016-09-23T00:00:00ZPersonal accessory1082129; 1082130Cornwall & Scilly HER Number: SX 44 NW 53; SX 44 NW 54With finder2016-09-28T13:16:16Z2016-10-12T14:23:58Z111151528439115PAS57BC1B67001A23PAS57BC1E1600176F243750CornwallSX434850.31098713-4.20632722strict.crackles.falters10MAS MASMASCeramic10539OtherMouldedCompleteFairNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckWP_20160926_16_45_23_Pro.jpg29images/MASMF2017-11-06T18:24:46.443Zfinds-8585MAS-D100085CLAY PIPE (SMOKING)NINETEENTH CENTURYA selection of seven clay pipes.
Two of the pipes are of 'Irish' type (Atkinson and Oswald 1969, type 31, dated post-1840), with spurs and milled bowl rims, and the remaining five are of a spur-less form copying the briar pipe (ibid., type 30, dated c. 1850-1910). All of the clay pipes are 'cutty' (short) pipes. The spur-less examples are all stamped with the mark 'H B W Russell Co.'. This appears to be the mark of an agent or retailer rather than the pipe manufacturer (as is more usual). H. B. W. Russell may have a connection with Liverpool - pipes stamped 'HBW Russell of Liverpool' have been found in Ghana (Basford 2012), but the company also had a base in Cape Town (Micots 2010).These items were found with three cylindrical glass bottles (MAS-D100084), the lid of a ceramic serving dish MAS-D100087) and two green glass gin bottles (MAS-D100101). DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES394113MAS2017-08-06T00:00:00ZPIPE (SMOKING)With finder2017-08-11T10:45:35Z2017-12-07T16:38:35Z8513075284215PAS5989C577001EA7PAS57BC21F300115B218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS MASMASCeramic10539CompleteGoodNINETEENTH CENTURYMODERNDivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckIMG_2279.JPG205images/MASLR2017-12-07T16:38:35.418Zfinds-44MAS-100004CLAY PIPE (SMOKING)POST MEDIEVALAll three white pipes here are complete, and are of the short or 'cutty' form. Two carry relief moulded decoration featuring Masonic emblems (incorporating the crossed compass and square), while the third is in the form of a male head, wearing a thin-brimmed cap, possibly a military figure. Pipes with Masonic emblems were made from the mid-18th century in the UK, but remained popular into the early 20th century, while the male head falls into a group of more elaborate decorative pipes with bowls moulded in the form of human heads and animals, common in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Such decorative pipes would have been commonly exported.
Tobacco was grown in West Africa from the 17th century; the inhabitants made their own pipes, the manufacture evolving from that of pottery vessels, but they also imported some through the Atlantic trade (Knight 2010, 67). The inclusion here of the Masonic pipes is of interest; their use was not necessarily confined to Freemasons, but it is likely that they would have been of greater significance to smokers for whom the symbols they bore had meaning (White and Beaudry 2009, 220).These clay pipes were recovered from the wreck Loanda, along with 26 beads recorded as MAS-1F5444. Built in 1891 at Barrow-in-Furness (Cumbria) by the Naval Construction and Armaments Co., Loanda was a two-masted screw-driven steamer owned by the British and African Steam Navigation Co. On 31 May 1908, following a collision with SS Junona, Loanda foundered while under tow 1 mile east of St Margaret's at Cliffe, Kent. At the time of loss, the vessel was bound from Hamburg, Germany, to West Africa with a general cargo. This cargo, which has seen significant recovery by divers, included: clay pipes; bottles of wine and gin; glass beads; perfume bottles; pencils, writing slates and inkpots; lamps; and teacups, lids, dishes, pots, saucers, plates, jugs and eggcups. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Loanda.Dress and personal accessories3641175019081196/163MAS2016-07-12T00:00:00ZPersonal accessory901835Kent HER Number: TR 34 SE 108; TR 45 NE 256; TR 34 SE 112With finder2016-07-28T14:12:59Z2019-01-29T13:01:43Z4401253528439115PAS57BC1B67001A23PAS57BC1E1600176F218210KentTR384451.14575261.4013985ramp.slouched.ambient10MAS-A50DBFMAS MASMASCeramic10539OtherMouldedCompleteFairPOST MEDIEVALx41047MODERNx41047DivingSubmitted as wreck to the Receiver of WreckP1050093.JPG3images/MASMF2019-01-29T13:01:43.692Z