{ "meta":{ "currentPage":1, "totalResults":22, "resultsPerPage":20 }, "results":[ { "findIdentifier":"finds-110", "id":110, "old_findID":"MAS-F100110", "objecttype":"POST", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"Heavily eroded and abraded timber fragment with marine borer and growth present. As it is so worn, it is difficult to tell what type of wood it is and whether this fragment was originally completely shaped and worked, or just partially worked to achieve its function. The timber does not exhibit any evidence or staining from fastenings, however, there is one hole that could have been a fastening point at some stage. \n\nIt is thought that this fragment may be a broken post or groyne timber that has come from a beach rather than material relating to a wreck. Groynes are wooden barriers built at right angles to a beach to prevent the movement of material along the coast caused by longshore drift. They can be subjected to storm damage which results in them being broken and drifting out to sea. The possibility that this piece of wood derives from a vessel should not be ruled out, however. Shipwrecks represent an important part of our marine historic landscape and are important in understanding some of the most fundamental aspects relating to human past and experience.", "classification":"ARCHITECTURE", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"220\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-23T08:45:04Z", "updated":"2018-05-08T08:39:55Z", "secuid":"110", "width":180, "length":720, "quantity":1, "material":14, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "preservation":3, "discovery":14, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "countyID":2625, "county":"East Sussex", "fourFigure":"TQ4400", "fourFigureLat":50.78170298, "fourFigureLon":0.04126088, "what3words":"pastels.dash.stockpile", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "preservationTerm":"Poor", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"MODERN", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Fishing", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"FIPAD_2017081719.JPG", "thumbnail":284, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:37.773Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-109", "id":109, "old_findID":"MAS-F100109", "objecttype":"BOAT", "broadperiod":"MODERN", "description":"This find is an unidentified curved aluminium sheet that measures approximately 0.94 m by 0.24 m and has a thickness of 5 mm. The sheet displays one riveted hole and one area still exhibits faint traces of red paint. The sheet is covered in a layer of marine growth.\n\nInitially it was believed that this object could be associated with aviation remains, however, after consulting our historic aircraft specialist, it was confirmed that the material is too thick to belong to an aircraft. The colour red does not often appear, other than on external markings or Luftwaffe radio equipment, both of which would have been made of a lighter gauge material. Although the origin of this aluminium sheet is unknown, it is possible that it is of industrial origin; or it may be related to vessel superstructure plating or in the internal construction for retaining insulating material.", "classification":"TRANSPORT", "periodFrom":41, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"219\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"WATER CRAFT", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-23T08:40:58Z", "updated":"2018-05-08T08:40:03Z", "secuid":"109", "thickness":5, "width":240, "length":940, "quantity":1, "material":27, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "discovery":14, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "countyID":2625, "county":"East Sussex", "fourFigure":"TQ4400", "fourFigureLat":50.78170298, "fourFigureLon":0.04126088, "what3words":"pastels.dash.stockpile", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"White metal", "primaryMaterialBM":11967, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "periodFromName":"MODERN", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Fishing", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"FIPAD_2017081726.JPG", "thumbnail":277, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:37.539Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-108", "id":108, "old_findID":"MAS-F100108", "objecttype":"PORTHOLE", "broadperiod":"MODERN", "description":"This object is the remains of a brass porthole ring measuring 250 mm across with a brass rim 28 mm wide. It is thought that this frame would have been on the outside of the hull of the vessel while an internal frame on the inside of the vessel would have contained the glass element and a hinged deadlight (a metal plate that was both a curtain and a reinforcement against heavy seas). \n\nPortholes have been used for centuries to allow light and ventilation to enter the lower, darker levels of vessels and in some early cases, as a means of seeing out of a submersible. Portholes are watertight and are generally crafted from glass, secured within a metal frame that is then bolted to the vessel. The popular metals that are used to create the frame of the portholes are bronze and brass because these metals corrode less in saltwater.", "classification":"Fixtures and Fittings", "periodFrom":41, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"225\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"Porthole", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-23T08:38:12Z", "updated":"2018-05-08T08:40:10Z", "secuid":"108", "diameter":250, "thickness":3, "width":28, "quantity":1, "material":50, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":2, "discovery":14, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS5A27DDB80016AC", "createdBy":2, "countyID":2625, "county":"East Sussex", "fourFigure":"TQ4400", "fourFigureLat":50.78170298, "fourFigureLon":0.04126088, "what3words":"pastels.dash.stockpile", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Yellow metal", "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "periodFromName":"MODERN", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Fishing", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"FIPAD_2017081732.JPG", "thumbnail":272, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:37.132Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-107", "id":107, "old_findID":"MAS-F100107", "objecttype":"TRANSPORT", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"This ship's timber is 830 mm long, 110 x 120 mm in profile, with truncated 25 mm diameter treenails; and a 385 x 65 mm slot for the supporting metal work from which the visible corrosion products suggest that they were of iron construction. The images were forwarded to ship expert and author Richard Endsor.\n\nThe timber appears to be the beam end from a small ship, with evidence of knees on both sides. The small piece of plank let into it crossways may be the remains of a waterway at the side making this face the upper side of the beam. The treenails probably secured the plank. The notch at the beam end may have fitted between the frame timbers of the ship's hull. The recessed slot may be to take a lodging fore and aft knee, and the flat section on the opposite side would be for a hanging knee.\n\nThe evidence of corrosion products on the beam suggest that it is from a modern ship, as although iron support structures in the construction of ships appeared during the latter part of the18th century, they were only initially used in warships and large merchantmen, and not until later in smaller vessels such as fishing boats and sailing barges. The retrofitting of them in warships was common during the Napoleonic wars. The uptake of iron fitting was very much linked to the availability of wood, and therefore most ships were built of wood with wooden framing components and some iron strengthening, the Cutty Sark, built in 1869, is one example of this approach. The different designs of iron knee, where they survive, also act as a useful guide to dating wreck sites, particularly in the case of British wrecks. European and American built wrecks, where good quality timber was readily available or cheaper means these are less easily dated by their metal components.", "classification":"SHIP", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"224\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"Timber", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-23T08:34:54Z", "updated":"2018-05-23T13:57:54Z", "secuid":"107", "thickness":110, "width":120, "length":830, "quantity":1, "material":14, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "discovery":14, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "countyID":2625, "county":"East Sussex", "fourFigure":"TQ4400", "fourFigureLat":50.78170298, "fourFigureLon":0.04126088, "what3words":"pastels.dash.stockpile", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"MODERN", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Fishing", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"FIPAD_2017081739.JPG", "thumbnail":262, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:36.896Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-106", "id":106, "old_findID":"MAS-F100106", "objecttype":"LADDER", "broadperiod":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "description":"These two timbers are two components of a companion ladder. The larger piece measures 1.14 m long by 0.15 m wide and based on the visible ridges to accommodate the stairs, would have been the left-hand side banister of the ladder. The smaller piece measures 0.56 m wide and is 20 mm thick. This piece is one of the stairs that would have fitted between both banisters and still slots in to one of the grooves on the remaining banister. The join is step and groove radiused rather than square cut.\n\nCompanion ladders or a companion way is usually steep but has treads or stairs rather than rungs typically seen on a ladder. Weight can be spread over a much larger area than concentrated on the surface of the small rungs of a ladder therefore it is possible to carry much heavier loads up and down these ladders. Companionways on modern vessels now tend to be made of aluminium, however on wooden sailing vessels and fishing vessels, wooden ladders may still be used, therefore it is difficult to date these pieces.", "classification":"Tools and equipment", "periodFrom":39, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"222\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"Companion ladder", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-23T08:31:10Z", "updated":"2018-05-08T08:40:53Z", "secuid":"106", "quantity":2, "material":14, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "discovery":14, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "countyID":2625, "county":"East Sussex", "fourFigure":"TQ4400", "fourFigureLat":50.78170298, "fourFigureLon":0.04126088, "what3words":"pastels.dash.stockpile", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "periodFromName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Fishing", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"FIPAD_2017081767.JPG", "thumbnail":254, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:36.661Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-105", "id":105, "old_findID":"MAS-F100105", "objecttype":"STRUCTURAL TIMBER", "broadperiod":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "description":"These two unidentified timbers measure 790 x 75 x 90 mm and 160 x 100 x 60 mm and were recovered from a boat's trawl nets whilst working out of Newhaven, East Sussex. The small piece shows evidence of a longer period of immersion in terms of abrasion and marine borer damage, though this may also be due to the relative hardness and variety of the two woods, or any treatment that might have been received to protect the timber. Neither timber appears to be of ship related origin, with the larger darker piece looking as if it might have been a post and rail fence board originally, rather than a ship's board or rail. The smaller piece appears to be a fragment of an offcut or discarded section of a larger timber piece.", "classification":"ARCHITECTURE", "periodFrom":39, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"223\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-23T08:21:58Z", "updated":"2018-05-22T15:29:55Z", "secuid":"105", "quantity":2, "material":14, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "discovery":14, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "countyID":2625, "county":"East Sussex", "fourFigure":"TQ4400", "fourFigureLat":50.78170298, "fourFigureLon":0.04126088, "what3words":"pastels.dash.stockpile", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "periodFromName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Fishing", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"FIPAD_2017081780.JPG", "thumbnail":251, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:36.428Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-104", "id":104, "old_findID":"MAS-F100104", "objecttype":"SHELL CASES", "broadperiod":"MODERN", "description":"The shell case measures 660 mm long and is 152 mm in diameter at the base, and 116 mm in diameter at the neck though this has been buckled and stretched. The shell case appears to have been either constructed without a base, or it has been removed at some point in the past. The diameter of the neck and its overall size point to it being a 4.5-inch or possibly a 4.7-inch shell case. Without the base with the details of type, manufacturer and date of manufacture, the history and origin of this case is not clear. It would have been part of a fixed round, i.e. the shell was attached to the shell case like a large rifle round. The maximum weight of these rounds was around 36 kg (80 lbs), which was the weight considered to be sustainable for loading manually loaded fixed ammunition. The 4.5-inch gun has been the standard medium-gun calibre of the Royal Navy for use against surface, aircraft and shore targets since 1938, and in the case of the 4.7-inch gun since 1916.\n\nThe history of this shell case is unknown, however, based on the damage it has sustained and the degree of corrosion, it appears that the shell was pried out of it and the base cut off with a lathe at some point in the past, before the remainder was lost or discarded. ", "classification":"ARMOUR AND WEAPONS", "periodFrom":41, "periodTo":41, "treasure":1, "TID":"221\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"AMMUNITION", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-08-23T08:19:22Z", "updated":"2018-05-08T08:41:12Z", "secuid":"104", "diameter":152, "length":660, "quantity":1, "material":50, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":2, "preservation":1, "discovery":14, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS59C90C510011A3", "createdBy":2, "countyID":2625, "county":"East Sussex", "fourFigure":"TQ4400", "fourFigureLat":50.78170298, "fourFigureLon":0.04126088, "what3words":"pastels.dash.stockpile", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Yellow metal", "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "preservationTerm":"Fair", "periodFromName":"MODERN", "periodToName":"MODERN", "discoveryMethod":"Fishing", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"FIPAD_2017081783.JPG", "thumbnail":246, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:16:36.195Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-48", "id":48, "old_findID":"MAS-D100048", "objecttype":"CUP", "broadperiod":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "description":"Eleven teacups measuring 4 inches x 3 inches in size. The cups have a Chinese style design with a light grey colour pattern, and appear to be made of porcelain (although this has not been confirmed). Similar in decorative style to the bowls recorded as MAS-D100047, it is assumed that these teacups were made by either Charles Meigh of Hanley, Staffordshire (1835-49), the preceding company, J. Meigh and Son (c.1805-34), or the succeeding company, Charles Meigh and Son (1851-61) (Godden 1964, 428-429).", "notes":"These items were found along with four milk jugs of a similar style (MAS-D100054) and were recovered from the wreck of Josephine Willis. Other items similar in style to the ceramic recorded here have also been recovered on different occasions from this wreck site (MAS-D100047, MAS-D100058 and MAS-D100059) along with other non-ceramic objects including candlesticks, a deadeye and three square portholes. \n\nThe Josephine Willis was a New Zealand sail and steam propelled packet ship built in c.1840. The ship was carrying 110 people on board bound for Auckland, comprising ten First class passengers, 60 steerage and 40 crew. It sank in 1856 following a collision with Mangerton with the loss of 69 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Josephine Willis.", "classification":"CONTAINER", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":39, "todate":1856, "treasure":1, "TID":"121\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-06-04T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"ROUNDED CUP", "smrRef":"1025695", "otherRef":"Kent HER Number: TR 22 NE 45", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-06-04T14:40:20Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:21:29Z", "secuid":"48", "quantity":11, "material":5, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "preservation":2, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "countyID":18210, "county":"Kent", "fourFigure":"TR1830", "fourFigureLat":51.0280097, "fourFigureLon":1.10748152, "what3words":"immature.twang.uncouth", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Ceramic", "primaryMaterialBM":10539, "completenessTerm":"Complete", "preservationTerm":"Good", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"48_6btxqbz9feyo.jpg", "thumbnail":158, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:15.226Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-45", "id":45, "old_findID":"MAS-D100045", "objecttype":"BOTTLE", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"Base of a broken glass onion bottle found loose on the seabed with quite a lot of marine growth present, including over the broken edges. Found on Marl Beds - not long after passing over an area of numerous fairly amorphous concretions apparently loose on the coarse sandy seabed.", "classification":"FOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":36, "treasure":1, "TID":"120\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-05-17T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"CONTAINER", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-05-30T11:34:20Z", "updated":"2020-02-28T15:54:03Z", "secuid":"45", "quantity":1, "material":18, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "countyID":14362, "county":"Dorset", "fourFigure":"SZ0580", "fourFigureLat":50.61968642, "fourFigureLon":-1.93068328, "what3words":"princely.meaning.pulps", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Glass", "primaryMaterialBM":10879, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodToBM":"x41047", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"Onionbottle1.JPG", "thumbnail":150, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:14.327Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-41", "id":41, "old_findID":"MAS-O100041", "objecttype":"CANDLESTICK", "broadperiod":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "description":"One green glass candlestick measuring 5.5 inches high and 3.5 inches wide. This candlestick is thought to date to the 19th century.", "notes":"This item was found along with a gin bottle (MAS-D100053) and is similar to other candlesticks discovered (MAS-D100039). All of these items were recovered from the wreck of Josephine Willis, a New Zealand sail and steam propelled packet ship built in c.1840. The ship was carrying 110 people on board bound for Auckland, comprising ten First class passengers, 60 steerage and 40 crew. It sank in 1856 following a collision with Mangerton with the loss of 69 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Josephine Willis.", "classification":"HEATING AND LIGHTING", "periodFrom":39, "periodTo":39, "todate":1856, "TID":"092\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-05-28T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"UPRIGHT CANDLESTICK", "smrRef":"1025695", "otherRef":"Kent HER Number: TR 22 NE 45", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-05-29T08:46:26Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:14:17Z", "secuid":"41", "quantity":1, "material":18, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "preservation":2, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "countyID":18210, "county":"Kent", "fourFigure":"TR1830", "fourFigureLat":51.0280097, "fourFigureLon":1.10748152, "what3words":"immature.twang.uncouth", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Glass", "primaryMaterialBM":10879, "completenessTerm":"Complete", "preservationTerm":"Good", "periodFromName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"41_f3yhwrzgu1vk.jpg", "thumbnail":140, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:13.358Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-53", "id":53, "old_findID":"MAS-O100053", "objecttype":"BOTTLE", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"One gin bottle measuring 11 inches high by 3 1\/2 inches wide. This square, mould-blown 'case bottle', has the typical tapering profile. The square shape enabled the bottles to be packed more efficiently in a case than round bottles, and the tapering profile stops them from sticking when removed from the case. They were used for gin (although undoubtedly also sometimes for other spirits or wine). Square case bottles were made in Europe from the middle of the 17th century, but the tapering form seems to have become more common in the 19th century. From the 1880s the bottles were machine made, and the rims properly finished - this examples therefore probably date to the 19th century, but pre-dating the 1880s.", "notes":"This item was found along with three candlesticks (MAS-D100039 and MAS-D100041). All of these items were recovered from the wreck of Josephine Willis, a New Zealand sail and steam propelled packet ship built in c.1840. The ship was carrying 110 people on board bound for Auckland, comprising ten First class passengers, 60 steerage and 40 crew. It sank in 1856 following a collision with Mangerton with the loss of 69 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Josephine Willis.", "classification":"Container", "periodFrom":39, "periodTo":39, "fromdate":1800, "todate":1856, "treasure":1, "TID":"092\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-05-28T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"DRINK SERVING CONTAINER", "smrRef":"1025695", "otherRef":"Kent HER Number: TR 22 NE 45", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-05-29T08:46:26Z", "updated":"2018-03-19T20:02:58Z", "secuid":"53", "quantity":1, "material":18, "subsequentAction":"28", "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "countyID":18210, "county":"Kent", "fourFigure":"TR1830", "fourFigureLat":51.0280097, "fourFigureLon":1.10748152, "what3words":"immature.twang.uncouth", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Glass", "primaryMaterialBM":10879, "periodFromName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"41_f3yhwrzgu1vk.jpg", "thumbnail":185, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:16.447Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-52", "id":52, "old_findID":"MAS-D100052", "objecttype":"JUG", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"One badly damaged ceramic jug with marine encrustration. The vessel is probably stoneware, but possibly glazed redware as there appears to be the characteristic 'orange peel' texture of salt-glazed stoneware visible in the photo, with the 'reeding' that you get round the rims of stoneware vessels. If this is the case it is almost certainly German in origin. The rounded shape would place it somewhere in the second half of the 16th century or first half of the 17th century.", "notes":"This item was found along with an onion bottle (MAS-D100040) and were recovered from the Goodwin Sands, Kent.", "classification":"CONTAINER", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":36, "treasure":1, "TID":"091\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-05-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"DRINK SERVING CONTAINER", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-05-23T19:42:07Z", "updated":"2017-10-03T14:03:20Z", "secuid":"52", "quantity":1, "material":20, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":2, "preservation":3, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Stoneware", "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "preservationTerm":"Poor", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodToBM":"x41047", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"40_mz32qhebl0cg.jpg", "thumbnail":138, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:16.205Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-39", "id":39, "old_findID":"MAS-D100039", "objecttype":"CANDLESTICK", "broadperiod":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "description":"Two mass produced glass candlesticks; one blue and one green that is badly damaged presumably having spent at least a century underwater. No further information is known about them at this time.", "notes":"Along with another candlestick (MAS-D100041), a gin bottle (MAS-D100053) and many ceramic objects, these two candlesticks have been recovered from the wreck of Josephine Willis, a New Zealand sail and steam propelled packet ship built in c.1840. The ship was carrying 110 people on board bound for Auckland, comprising ten 1st class passengers, 60 steerage and 40 crew. It sank in 1856 following a collision with Mangerton with the loss of 69 lives. NRHE and Kent HER reference numbers cited in this record refer to the wreck of Josephine Willis.", "classification":"HEATING AND LIGHTING", "periodFrom":39, "periodTo":39, "todate":1856, "treasure":1, "TID":"090\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-05-22T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"UPRIGHT CANDLESTICK", "smrRef":"1025695", "otherRef":"Kent HER Number: TR 22 NE 45", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-05-22T13:41:20Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:13:38Z", "secuid":"39", "quantity":2, "material":18, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "preservation":1, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "countyID":18210, "county":"Kent", "fourFigure":"TR1830", "fourFigureLat":51.0280097, "fourFigureLon":1.10748152, "what3words":"immature.twang.uncouth", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Glass", "primaryMaterialBM":10879, "completenessTerm":"Complete", "preservationTerm":"Fair", "periodFromName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"39_ajt8i16gs0sg.jpg", "thumbnail":134, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:12.851Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-38", "id":38, "old_findID":"MAS-D100038", "objecttype":"BOTTLE", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"Four glass bottles that are all square, mould-blown 'case bottles', with a typical tapering profile. The square shape enabled them to be packed more efficiently in a case than round bottles, and the tapering profile stopped them from sticking when removed from the case. These were used for gin (although undoubtedly also sometimes for other spirits or wine). Square case bottles were made in Europe from the middle of the 17th century, but the tapering form seems to have become more common in the 19th century. From the 1880s the bottles were machine made, and the rims properly finished - these examples therefore probably date to the 19th century, but pre-dating the 1880s.", "notes":"This item was found along with an ivy leaf teacup (MAS-D100051).", "classification":"FOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":39, "treasure":1, "TID":"090\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-05-21T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"WINE BOTTLE", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-05-21T14:02:28Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:13:09Z", "secuid":"38", "quantity":4, "material":18, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "preservation":1, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "countyID":18210, "county":"Kent", "fourFigure":"TR2336", "fourFigureLat":51.07996308, "fourFigureLon":1.18236287, "what3words":"petty.jetting.hazy", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Glass", "primaryMaterialBM":10879, "completenessTerm":"Complete", "preservationTerm":"Fair", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"38_az9rlbhpze9s.jpg", "thumbnail":131, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:12.611Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-51", "id":51, "old_findID":"MAS-D100051", "objecttype":"DRINKING VESSEL", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"One ivy leaf patterned teacup marked with the Davenport logo. This transfer printed refined ware (either pearlware or whiteware) cup dates to the 19th century. John Davenport acquired his own pottery in 1794, initially producing cream coloured blue-printed earthernware. Within 12 years the company's reputation and the quality of its porcelain was such that the future King George IV was ordering services from the company. John Davenport retired in 1830 and the company was continued to be run by his sons and their children until 1887 when the factory closed and the company was acquired by Burleigh Pottery.", "notes":"This item was found along with four square glass bottles (MAS-D100038).", "classification":"Container", "periodFrom":39, "periodTo":39, "treasure":1, "TID":"090\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-05-21T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"CUP", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-05-21T14:02:28Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:22:32Z", "secuid":"51", "quantity":1, "material":19, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "countyID":18210, "county":"Kent", "fourFigure":"TR2336", "fourFigureLat":51.07996308, "fourFigureLon":1.18236287, "what3words":"petty.jetting.hazy", "precision":10, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Earthenware", "completenessTerm":"Complete", "periodFromName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"38_8a0k1tqgoyrk.jpg", "thumbnail":133, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:15.964Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-36", "id":36, "old_findID":"MAS-D100036", "objecttype":"SAUCER", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"Pewter bowl measuring 15 inches in diameter by 2 1\/2 inches in depth.\n\nThis find is a pewter dish or saucer (the term 'saucer' is used here to describe vessels used to contain sauces, in order to disguise or enhance the taste of food), probably dating somewhere between the 16th and 18th centuries - there are very similar examples, for instance, in 16th century contexts from Nonsuch Palace in Surrey (Rosemary Weinstein, 'Pewter vessels', in Biddle 2005). That doesn't mean that this vessel is a high-status object - saucers and dishes were among the most commonly made pewter items, and would have been in use in humbler households too.\n\nPewterers call chargers, dishes, plates and saucers 'sadware'. The difference between them is based on their sizes, with some overlap between the four occurring. Generally, they are now separated as saucers being anything under 7\" (17.7 cm) in diameter, plates being 7\" to 11\" (17.7 to 27.8 cm) in diameter, dishes being 11\" to 18\" (27.9 to 45.6 cm) in diameter, and chargers being anything larger than this.\n\nEarly British sadware is usually characterised by a plain rim, a gently-rounded bouge and, often, a raised centre to the well. Unfortunately, only a small fraction survives in the archaeological record due to what we would now term recycling, but also because it does not survive well in the environment. Up until about 1640 styles remained relatively static, before a period of rapid changes for nearly a century occurred, before settling back to a stable style which continued until the use of pewter for sadware died out in the 19th century. From c.1640 there was a vogue for sadware with a steeper bouge and broad rim. In Britain, massive amounts of sadware was made between 1650 and 1780 as households across the social divide replaced their wooden tableware with 'modern' pewter. From c.1660 there was a demand for rims with multiple-reeded edges, before the rim widths steadily shrank back to where they had been, though some very narrow rims were also produced. Around 1700, the single reeded rim became popular and the plain rim also re-appeared, though without the gentler bouge of the earlier version. The single reed continued to be produced throughout the 18th century on sadware intended for export to America, but fell out of favour c.1730 for the domestic British market, with the plain rim dominated the market until production of pewter sadware ceased. A few variations did occur in the 18th century when non-circular plates with wavy or polygonal edges became popular amongst the wealthy in Britain in the later part of the century; engraved owners' crests were popular for a while and at the beginning of the century wrigglework decoration had a brief spell of popularity.", "classification":"FOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":36, "treasure":1, "TID":"056\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-04-23T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"SAUCER", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-04-25T10:27:27Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:12:49Z", "secuid":"36", "quantity":1, "material":33, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":2, "preservation":1, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Tin or tin alloy", "primaryMaterialBM":11849, "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "preservationTerm":"Fair", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodToBM":"x41047", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"36_IMG_01.jpg", "thumbnail":117, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:11.944Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-35", "id":35, "old_findID":"MAS-D100035", "objecttype":"JAR", "broadperiod":"MEDIEVAL", "description":"Part of a large clay storage jar. Due to the size of the fragment and the degree of marine growth on this item it has been tentatively identified as an olive jar, probably Spanish in origin, and dating anywhere between the medieval to post-medieval period (13th\/14th to 18th century), most likely from the latter end of this date range (16th - 18th century).", "classification":"FOOD PREPARATON AND CONSUMPTION", "periodFrom":29, "periodTo":36, "treasure":1, "TID":"032\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-04-06T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"JAR", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-04-07T15:57:16Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:12:28Z", "secuid":"35", "quantity":1, "material":5, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":1, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Ceramic", "primaryMaterialBM":10539, "completenessTerm":"Fragment", "periodFromName":"MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x14221", "periodToName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodToBM":"x41047", "broadperiodBM":"x14221", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"IMG_44381.JPG", "thumbnail":112, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:11.695Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-32", "id":32, "old_findID":"MAS-D100032", "objecttype":"WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"A wooden belaying pin, approximately 0.4 m in length.\n\nBelaying pins are either solid metal or wooden objects used on sailing ships to secure the running rigging. They are still seen today on traditional square rigged ships and replica vessels. More modern sailing vessels have tended to replace them with fixed cleats. Their design has little changed, comprising a rounded handle and cylindrical shaft of varying length and thickness, dependant on the workload placed on it. The shaft would fit into holes in pinrails, which lined the inside of the bulwarks around the base of the ship's mast, or a fife rail, which was a free-standing rail set on posts to hold the belaying pins to secure the ship's halyards. The ropes or lines would be wrapped around the pin in a figure of eight pattern to secure them. Similarly designed pins, known as thole pins, were inserted into the gunwales to act as a fulcrum for oars on small boats.", "notes":"This item was found along with two pulley sheeves (MAS-D100049) and a marble tile (MAS-D100050).", "classification":"TRANSPORT", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":39, "treasure":1, "TID":"032\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-03-14T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-03-14T07:28:01Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:11:50Z", "secuid":"32", "quantity":1, "material":14, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":4, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Complete", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"IMG_3921.JPG", "thumbnail":104, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:10.995Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-49", "id":49, "old_findID":"MAS-D100049", "objecttype":"WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"Two circular wooden pulley sheaves. It is not clear whether these wooden pulley sheaves were a pair or from single sheave pulleys. Generally made from ash (Fraxinus), hickory (Carya) in the case of North America, or Lignum vitae. Lignum vitae, Latin for 'wood of life', is a trade wood, also called Guayacan or Guaiacum from the trees of the genus Guaiacum. The trees are indigenous to the Caribbean and the northern coast of South America and have been an important export crop to Europe since the beginning of the 16th century due to its extraordinary combination of strength, toughness, and density. It was also considered to have self lubricating properties. Ash though tough and elastic is prone to wet rot. Roller bushes were also introduced during the 1880s to reduce friction on the sheave pin. A sheave's size depended mostly on the rope it handled, the higher up the rigging the block was, and the lighter the ropes, the smaller they were. Sheaves also shrank in size as rope quality improved over time, and the introduction of iron parts also contributed to this process. However, many ships continued to use larger blocks due to their making the work easier and therefore requiring less crew to operate.", "notes":"This item was found along with a wooden belaying pin (MAS-D100032) and a marble tile (MAS-D100050).", "classification":"WATER CRAFT", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":39, "treasure":1, "TID":"032\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-03-14T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"SHIP", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-03-14T07:28:01Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:21:53Z", "secuid":"49", "quantity":2, "material":14, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":3, "preservation":1, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "createdBy":2, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Wood", "primaryMaterialBM":11988, "completenessTerm":"Uncertain", "preservationTerm":"Fair", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"IMG_3921.JPG", "thumbnail":164, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:15.476Z" }, { "findIdentifier":"finds-50", "id":50, "old_findID":"MAS-D100050", "objecttype":"ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT", "broadperiod":"POST MEDIEVAL", "description":"A rough cut square marble tile with pink colouration and marine growth visible. The tile measures approximately 0.3 m in length. It has not been possible to provide furter identification at this time.", "notes":"This item was found along with a wooden belaying pin (MAS-D100032) and two pulley sheeves (MAS-D100049).", "classification":"ARCHITECTURE", "periodFrom":36, "periodTo":39, "treasure":1, "TID":"032\/17", "workflow":3, "institution":"MAS", "datefound1":"2017-03-14T00:00:00Z", "subClassification":"TILE", "currentLocation":"With finder", "created":"2017-03-14T07:28:01Z", "updated":"2017-09-26T13:22:13Z", "secuid":"50", "quantity":1, "material":2, "subsequentAction":"28", "completeness":2, "discovery":15, "recorderID":"PAS57C96ECD001E82", "identifierID":"PAS57BC21F300115B", "createdBy":2, "creator":"MAS MAS", "updatedBy":"MAS", "materialTerm":"Stone", "primaryMaterialBM":11794, "completenessTerm":"Incomplete", "periodFromName":"POST MEDIEVAL", "periodFromBM":"x41047", "periodToName":"NINETEENTH CENTURY", "broadperiodBM":"x41047", "discoveryMethod":"Diving", "subsequentActionTerm":"Submitted as wreck to the Receiver of Wreck", "filename":"IMG_3921.JPG", "thumbnail":165, "imagedir":"images\/MAS", "recorder":"ABB", "timestamp":"2024-10-09T14:15:15.734Z" } ], "facets":{ "objectType":{ "BOTTLE":3, "CANDLESTICK":2, "JAR":2, "WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT":2, "ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT":1, "BOAT":1, "CANNON BALL":1, "CUP":1, "DRINKING VESSEL":1, "JUG":1, "LADDER":1, "PORTHOLE":1, "POST":1, "SAUCER":1, "SHELL CASES":1, "STRUCTURAL TIMBER":1, "TRANSPORT":1 }, "county":{ "East Sussex":7, "Kent":7, "Dorset":1 }, "broadperiod":{ "POST MEDIEVAL":13, "NINETEENTH CENTURY":5, "MODERN":3, "MEDIEVAL":1 }, "institution":{ "MAS":22 }, "rulerName":[ ], "denominationName":[ ], "mintName":[ ], "materialTerm":{ "Wood":6, "Glass":5, "Ceramic":3, "Stone":2, "Yellow metal":2, "Earthenware":1, "Stoneware":1, "Tin or tin alloy":1, "White metal":1 }, "workflow":{ "3":22 }, "reeceID":[ ] } }